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In 165 (58.1%) cases, relevant lesions were found, predominantly infections (54.2%); the most frequent was toxoplasmosis (29.9%) followed by cryptococcosis (15.8%), purulent bacterial infections (3.9%), and HIV encephalitis (2.8%); non-Hodgkin lymphomas occurred in 1.4% and vascular lesions in 1.1%. There was no difference when compared the frequency of lesion among the groups; however, toxoplasmosis was less common while HIV encephalitis was more frequent in group C related to A. CNS lesions remain a frequent cause of death in AIDS; however, the mean survival time was four times greater in group C than in A. In 91 (55.1%) of 165 cases with relevant brain lesions (or 32% of the total 284 cases), there was discordance between<jats:italic>pre-<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>postmortem<\/jats:italic>diagnosis; disagreement type 1 (important disease that if diagnosed in life could change the patient prognosis) occurred in 49 (53.8%) of 91 discordant cases (17.6% of the total 284) indicating the autopsy importance, even with HAART and advanced diagnostics technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/186850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]],"date-time":"2012-02-22T21:01:23Z","timestamp":1329944483000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Neuropathology of AIDS: An Autopsy Review of 284 Cases from Brazil Comparing the Findings Pre- and Post-HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) and Pre- and Postmortem Correlation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Ana Cristina Ara\u00fajo 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