{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T12:09:18Z","timestamp":1775477358964,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Oxidative stress and free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Therefore, antioxidant compounds have the potential to be used in the prevention and treatment of the disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on bone microarchitecture in a postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model. VCO is a different form of coconut oil as it is rich with antioxidants. Three-month-old female rats were randomly grouped into baseline, sham-operated, ovariectomized control (Ovx), and ovariectomized rats fed with 8% VCO in their diet for six weeks (Ovx+VCO). Bone histomorphometry of the right femora was carried out at the end of the study. Rats supplemented with VCO had a significantly greater bone volume and trabecular number while trabecular separation was lower than the Ovx group. In conclusion, VCO was effective in maintaining bone structure and preventing bone loss in estrogen-deficient rat model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/237236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,16]],"date-time":"2012-09-16T21:01:43Z","timestamp":1347829303000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Virgin Coconut Oil Supplementation Prevents Bone Loss in Osteoporosis Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Zil","family":"Hayatullina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norliza","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norazlina","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ima-Nirwana","family":"Soelaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080227"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.23.3.279"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02913324"},{"issue":"3","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114485","volume":"85","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2005.04.014"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1058"},{"issue":"2","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.040303","volume":"549","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/109662004322984699"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2005.04264.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1265\/jjh.50.660","volume":"50","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2005.11.007"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2004.04.010"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclnm.2007.09.003"},{"key":"14","first-page":"135","volume":"15","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Biosciences"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2006.209"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000313516"},{"key":"17","first-page":"1126","volume":"6","year":"2010","journal-title":"Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.06.056"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-6009(91)90124-I"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-6009(92)90809-R"},{"issue":"5","key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(87)90002-0","volume":"8","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.150.5.1085"},{"issue":"6","key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650020617","volume":"2","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.04.014"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2006.149"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/817814"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-003-1530-0"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-6009(91)90086-F"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322011000500025"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.07.002"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpsur.2008.12.007"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00121-X"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2005.01503.x"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(99)00236-7"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08706-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114975","volume":"87","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"11","key":"37","first-page":"3351","volume":"80","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"6","key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1993.tb02422.x","volume":"39","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clinical Endocrinology"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(92)90295-L"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.77.4.1095"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-7758"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M001004200"},{"issue":"1","key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.1.135","volume":"16","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.43159"},{"key":"45","volume-title":"Food lipids and bone health","year":"1996"},{"issue":"16","key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2011.618123","volume":"12","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(94)00023-9"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21180"},{"key":"49","volume-title":"Medium chain triacylglycerol","year":"2006"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09637480802549127"},{"issue":"1","key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/01635589309514267","volume":"20","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nutrition and Cancer"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0010(20000515)80:7<985::AID-JSFA572>3.0.CO;2-7","volume":"80","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4505","DOI":"10.1021\/jf970373s","volume":"45","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200502000-00013","volume":"16","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Lipidology"},{"issue":"4","key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01472-8","volume":"52","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacological Reviews"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2001.01271.x"},{"key":"57","volume-title":"Flavonoids and coronary heart disease","year":"1998"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095442240926402X"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-005-0060-5"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0527-5"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2006.03.009"},{"key":"62","volume-title":"Human milk lipids inactivated enveloped viruses","year":"1990"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2012\/237236.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2012\/237236.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2012\/237236.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T22:35:55Z","timestamp":1744151755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2012\/237236\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":62,"alternative-id":["237236","237236"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/237236","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-427X","1741-4288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-427X","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-4288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}