{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T15:51:54Z","timestamp":1762444314365,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,14]],"date-time":"2012-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":195,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSC 100-2626-M-005-004-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 100-2626-M-005-004-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Mathematics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of a porous fence with a nonuniform porosity on flow fields are investigated numerically. First, an experiment with a non\u2010uniform porous fence located in a wind tunnel is performed to obtain a reference data set. Then, a numerical model that utilizes the finite volume scheme with a weakly compressible\u2010flow method to solve the continuity and momentum equations is developed. The numerical simulation is compared to experimental measurements for validation purposes. As a result, the numerical predictions show good agreements with the experimental data. Finally, the numerical investigations of the flow fields around porous fences with various combinations of upper and lower fence porosity are also presented. When the upper porosity is greater than the lower porosity, the Protection Index PI<jats:sub>0.1<\/jats:sub>, PI<jats:sub>0.3<\/jats:sub> and PI<jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>, representing the adverse sheltering effect, decreases compared to that of the uniform porous fence. When the upper porosity is less than the lower porosity, the PI<jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub> increases and the variations of the PI<jats:sub>0.1<\/jats:sub> and PI<jats:sub>0.3<\/jats:sub>, depend on the upper porosity, compared to that of the uniform porous fence. The results show that the porous fence with the upper fence porosity <jats:italic>\u03b5<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> = 0% and the lower fence porosity <jats:italic>\u03b5<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> = 30% gives the best sheltering effect among the porous fences in this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/268371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,14]],"date-time":"2012-07-14T21:00:43Z","timestamp":1342299643000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Numerical Study on Flow around Nonuniform Porous Fences"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Long-Ming","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H. C.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jung-Tai","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-6105(81)90010-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112071000727"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-6105(77)90015-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6105(97)00015-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(01)00578-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6105(00)00025-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5983(00)00030-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02033994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jweia.2008.02.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(03)00118-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","unstructured":"ChoH. M. Wind-tunnel and numerical simulation of flow over porous fences and particle saltation in atmospheric boundary layer [Ph.D. thesis] 1996 Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of California at Davis Davis Calif USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6105(01)00105-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","unstructured":"VanE. J. KarschonR. RazumovaL. A. andRobertsG. W. Windbreaks and Shelterbelts W. M. O. Technical note 1964 no. no. 59 Geneva Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.857955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3243575"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Mathematics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jam\/2012\/268371.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jam\/2012\/268371.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2012\/268371","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T07:06:53Z","timestamp":1718089613000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2012\/268371"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Shuyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2012\/268371"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/268371","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1110-757X","1687-0042"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1110-757X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1687-0042"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-02-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-05-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-07-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"268371"}}