{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T22:46:20Z","timestamp":1785883580938,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP-187209-POPCCAA-11829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP-187209-POPCCAA-11829"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Increased daytime sleepiness is an important symptom of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA is frequently underdiagnosed, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) can be a useful tool in alerting physicians to a potential problem involving OSA.<\/jats:p><jats:p>OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence and determinants of daytime sleepiness measured using the ESS in a rural community population.<\/jats:p><jats:p>METHODS: A community survey was conducted to examine the risk factors associated with ESS in a rural population in 154 households comprising 283 adults. Questionnaire information was obtained regarding physical factors, social factors, general medical history, family medical history, ESS score, and self-reported height and weight. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis based on the generalized estimating equations approach to account for clustering within households was used to predict the relationship between a binary ESS score outcome (normal or abnormal) and a set of explanatory variables.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS: The population included 140 men (49.5%) and 143 women (50.5%) with an age range of 18 to 97 years (mean [\u00b1 SD] 52.0\u00b114.9 years). The data showed that 79.2% of the study participants had an ESS score in the normal range (0 to 10) and 20.8% had an ESS score &gt;10, which is considered to be abnormal or high sleepiness. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that obesity was significantly associated with an abnormal or high sleepiness score on the ESS (OR 3.40 [95% CI 1.31 to 8.80).<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSION: High levels of sleepiness in this population were common. Obesity was an important risk factor for high ESS score.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/287309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]],"date-time":"2016-03-15T03:52:56Z","timestamp":1458013976000},"page":"e10-e14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Prevalence of High Epworth Sleepiness Scale Scores in a Rural Population"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Pahwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CP","family":"Karunanayake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Hagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JA","family":"Gjevre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respirology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Rennie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"},{"name":"College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JA","family":"Dosman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2012\/287309.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2012\/287309.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T03:55:43Z","timestamp":1471924543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2012\/287309\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"alternative-id":["287309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/287309","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-2241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-2241","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}