{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:58:02Z","timestamp":1753883882369,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]],"date-time":"2012-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":354,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Mathematics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present the prevention of influenza pandemic by using multiple control functions. First, we adjust the control functions in the pandemic model, then we show the existence of the optimal control problem, and, by using both analytical and numerical techniques, we investigate cost\u2010effective control effects for the prevention of transmission of disease. To do this, we use four control functions, the first one for increasing the effect of vaccination, the second one for the strategies to isolate infected individuals, and the last two for the antiviral treatment to control clinically infectious and hospitalization\ncases, respectively. We completely characterized the optimal control and compute the numerical solution of the optimality system by using an iterative method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/294275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]],"date-time":"2012-12-20T21:03:51Z","timestamp":1356037431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevention of Influenza Pandemic by Multiple Control Strategies"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Roman","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gul","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69895-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","unstructured":"USGAO Influenza Pandemic Efforts underway to address constraints on using antivirals and vaccines to forestall a pandemic Report Congressional Request 2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01241-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/0098-9134-20021101-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factshaats\/2003\/fs211\/en 2004."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/030600370"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2006.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2006.0186"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2010.04.003"},{"volume-title":"Ordinary Differential Equations","year":"1989","author":"Birkhoff G.","key":"e_1_2_6_10_2"},{"volume-title":"Differential Equations: Classical to Controlled, Mathematics in Science and Engineering","year":"1982","author":"Lukes D. 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