{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:50:16Z","timestamp":1770339016837,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]],"date-time":"2012-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003626","name":"Defense Acquisition Program Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UD100002KD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UD100002KD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003626","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005073","name":"Agency for Defense Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UD100002KD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UD100002KD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005073","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Recently, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have attracted much research attention from both academia and industry, in order to explore the vast underwater environment. UWSNs have peculiar characteristics; that is, they have large propagation delay, high error rate, low bandwidth, and limited energy. Therefore, designing network\/routing protocols for UWSNs is very challenging. Also, in UWSNs, improving the energy efficiency is one of the most important issues since the replacement of the batteries of underwater sensor nodes is very expensive due to the unpleasant underwater environment. In this paper, we therefore propose an energy efficient routing protocol, named (energy-efficient depth-based routing protocol) EEDBR for UWSNs. EEDBR utilizes the depth of sensor nodes for forwarding data packets. Furthermore, the residual energy of sensor nodes is also taken into account in order to improve the network lifetime. Based on the comprehensive simulation using NS2, we observe that EEDBR contributes to the performance improvements in terms of the network lifetime, energy consumption, and end-to-end delay. A previous version of this paper was accepted in AST-2011 conference. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/307246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,9]],"date-time":"2012-04-09T21:00:58Z","timestamp":1334005258000},"page":"307246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["An Energy Efficient Localization-Free Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Abdul","family":"Wahid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-Dong, Buk-Gu Daegu, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Dongkyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-Dong, Buk-Gu Daegu, Republic of Korea"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-2012-307246","first-page":"228","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC '06)","author":"Heidemann J."},{"key":"B11-2012-307246","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks (PM2HW2N '09)","author":"Llor J."},{"key":"B2-2012-307246","first-page":"1216","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IFIP Networking","author":"Xie P."},{"key":"B3-2012-307246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OCEANSE.2007.4302470"},{"key":"B4-2012-307246","first-page":"75","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Underwater Networks (WUWNet '08)","author":"Jornet J."},{"key":"B5-2012-307246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OCEANS.2008.5151939"},{"key":"B6-2012-307246","first-page":"1148","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (WAINA '09)","author":"Chirdchoo N."},{"key":"B7-2012-307246","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IFIP (Networking '08)","author":"Yan H."},{"key":"B8-2012-307246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIMT.2009.70"},{"key":"B9-2012-307246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OCEANSAP.2006.4393933"},{"key":"B10-2012-307246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1374618.1374649"},{"key":"B12-2012-307246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWCS.2008.4726086"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2012\/307246","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/2012\/307246","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2012\/307246","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T10:33:26Z","timestamp":1604658806000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2012\/307246"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2012\/307246"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/307246","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-1477","1550-1477"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1550-1477","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-1477","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]}}}