{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T01:34:22Z","timestamp":1784252062987,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Leptospirosis is an important zoonosis and has a worldwide impact on public health. This paper will discuss both the role of immunogenic and pathogenic molecules during leptospirosis infection and possible new targets for immunotherapy against leptospira components.<jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>, possess a wide variety of mechanisms that allow them to evade the host immune system and cause infection. Many molecules contribute to the ability of<jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>to adhere, invade, and colonize. The recent sequencing of the<jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>genome has increased our knowledge about this pathogen. Although the virulence factors, molecular targets, mechanisms of inflammation, and signaling pathways triggered by leptospiral antigens have been studied, some questions are still unanswered. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the primary sensors of invading pathogens. TLRs recognize conserved microbial pattern molecules and activate signaling pathways that are pivotal to innate and adaptive immune responses. Recently, a new molecular target has emerged\u2014the Na\/K-ATPase\u2014which may contribute to inflammatory and metabolic alteration in this syndrome. Na\/K-ATPase is a target for specific fatty acids of host origin and for bacterial components such as the glycolipoprotein fraction (GLP) that may lead to inflammasome activation. We propose that in addition to TLRs, Na\/K-ATPase may play a role in the innate response to leptospirosis infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/317950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,21]],"date-time":"2012-10-21T21:00:34Z","timestamp":1350853234000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["<i>Leptospira<\/i>and Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"C. F.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves-de-Albuquerque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunofarmacologia, Fundac\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Burth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter\u00f3i 24020-150, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. R.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunofarmacologia, Fundac\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Younes-Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Medicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. C.","family":"Castro-Faria-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunofarmacologia, Fundac\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. V.","family":"Castro-Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Medicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.012"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00830-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702007000100029","volume":"11","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000228"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)80012-9"},{"key":"6","series-title":"W.H. Organization and I.L. Society","year":"2003"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2007.09.011"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2008.07.005"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000612"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32814a5729"},{"issue":"10","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1988.193.10.1250","volume":"193","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cair.2004.08.001"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2005.02.010"},{"issue":"1","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/19.1.132","volume":"19","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960000294","volume":"19","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2005000600013","volume":"38","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000178824.05715.2c","volume":"18","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1403.071064","volume":"14","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.10.102"},{"issue":"8","key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.8.2995-2999.1995","volume":"63","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2006.09.021"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.7.2164-2172.2004"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01597"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12038-008-0074-z"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012637"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.05148-0"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2005.02.004"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2007.10.012"},{"issue":"3","key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.97.3.992-1000.1969","volume":"97","year":"1969","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"issue":"1","key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1969.tb00501.x","volume":"8","year":"1969","journal-title":"European Journal of Biochemistry"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/014746-0"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2010.02505.x"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.8.4853-4863.2005"},{"issue":"8","key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3174","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.8.3174-3181.1995","volume":"63","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006071"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2010.04.007"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021962"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(87)90133-7","volume":"15","year":"1987","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.58.3.581-585.1990","volume":"58","year":"1990","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-007-0047-0"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.36.041602.134359"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00546-09"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01635-06"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00460-06"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03619.x"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016879"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2003.10.007"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.05.053"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.10.029"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001422"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001188"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01282-09"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030097"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmp109"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.1.315-322.2002"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001607"},{"issue":"3","key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(64)90302-9","volume":"107","year":"1964","journal-title":"Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics"},{"issue":"5","key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.23.5.1027-1028.1972","volume":"23","year":"1972","journal-title":"Applied Microbiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1987.tb03134.x","volume":"31","year":"1987","journal-title":"Microbiology and Immunology"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M400598200"},{"issue":"9","key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6022","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.9.6022","volume":"175","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"62","first-page":"111","volume":"132","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of General Microbiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1139\/m89-168","volume":"35","year":"1989","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"64","first-page":"103","volume":"132","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of General Microbiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1987.tb03133.x","volume":"31","year":"1987","journal-title":"Microbiology and Immunology"},{"issue":"21-22","key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1563-258X.2002.02097.x","volume":"152","year":"2002","journal-title":"Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2006.06.003"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2006.12.004"},{"key":"69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-007-6093-7"},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(01)00304-1"},{"key":"71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/41131"},{"key":"72","first-page":"253","volume":"632","year":"2008","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"issue":"7","key":"73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3471","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.7.3471","volume":"164","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-010-0464-x"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M806633200"},{"key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011485"},{"key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/86354"},{"key":"78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01639-07"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.2276-2285.2000"},{"key":"80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi100058w"},{"key":"81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01370-08"},{"key":"82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2008.48"},{"key":"83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfi316"},{"key":"84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000119"},{"issue":"5","key":"85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.80.832","volume":"80","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2174"},{"key":"87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2009.04.004"},{"key":"88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5396.2085"},{"issue":"3","key":"89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-2993(98)80083-3","volume":"50","year":"1998","journal-title":"Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2009.05.002"},{"key":"91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.10.7014-7017.2005"},{"key":"92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.2.887-895.2006"},{"key":"93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.12.7172-7175.2002"},{"issue":"4","key":"94","first-page":"283","volume":"33","year":"2010","journal-title":"New Microbiologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"95","first-page":"261","volume":"254","year":"1983","journal-title":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie Mikrobiologie und Hygiene A"},{"key":"96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2005.07.003"},{"key":"97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir875"},{"key":"98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041566"},{"key":"99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2012.06.001"},{"key":"100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-50"},{"key":"101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00279-10"},{"issue":"1","key":"102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.17.1.67-72.1977","volume":"17","year":"1977","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"12","key":"103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6572","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.12.6572-6582.1999","volume":"67","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900506"},{"key":"105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.12.7550-7558.2001"},{"key":"106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/650300"},{"issue":"127","key":"107","first-page":"1863","volume":"28","year":"1967","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652002000200005","volume":"44","year":"2002","journal-title":"Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo"},{"issue":"4","key":"109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.3109\/00313028209092128","volume":"14","year":"1982","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.1677-1683.2002"},{"key":"111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2009.01238.x"},{"key":"112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-010-9273-0"},{"key":"113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00313020701329740"},{"key":"114","first-page":"393","volume":"40","year":"1962","journal-title":"The American Journal of Pathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.72.13","volume":"72","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2009.02916.x"},{"issue":"3, supplement","key":"117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.3_Supplement.116S","volume":"105","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.6.ed1801d","volume":"163","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"6, supplement","key":"119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.6_suppl.340S","volume":"122","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200407-954OC"},{"key":"121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/16.suppl_5.73","volume":"16","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"},{"issue":"2","key":"122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X1997000200009","volume":"30","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research"},{"key":"123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2208"},{"issue":"2","key":"124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1159\/000185943","volume":"55","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00102.2006"},{"issue":"6","key":"126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-2993(97)80155-8","volume":"49","year":"1997","journal-title":"Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology"},{"issue":"5","key":"127","first-page":"619","volume":"318","year":"1995","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences III"},{"key":"128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/426455"},{"key":"129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.12.3458"},{"key":"130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2008.10.001"},{"key":"131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070006"},{"issue":"9","key":"132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5390","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5390","volume":"174","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305213200"},{"key":"134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M705077200"},{"key":"135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R800014200"},{"issue":"1","key":"136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/75.1.119","volume":"75","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.108.000711"},{"issue":"3","key":"138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1124\/mi.3.3.157","volume":"3","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Interv"},{"key":"139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00008.2008"},{"key":"140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2006.01745.x"},{"key":"141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305378200"},{"key":"142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.03.013"},{"key":"143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M609181200"},{"key":"144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2008.03969.x"},{"key":"145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4889(96)00116-4"},{"key":"146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2006.11.002"},{"key":"147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1097(96)00109-7"},{"issue":"4","key":"148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.4.1557-1560.1997","volume":"65","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"5","key":"149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.5.1177","volume":"23","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(02)00599-3"},{"key":"151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.02.015"},{"key":"152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101987"}],"container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2012\/317950.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2012\/317950.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2012\/317950.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T23:18:50Z","timestamp":1744845530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2012\/317950\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":152,"alternative-id":["317950","317950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/317950","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-9351","1466-1861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-9351","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-1861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}