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A sentinel pig programme detected JEV activity, although there were a number of financial, logistical, diagnostic and ethical limitations. A system was developed which detected viral RNA in mosquitoes collected by solar or propane powered CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-baited traps. However, this method was hampered by trap-component malfunction, microbial contamination and large mosquito numbers which overwhelmed diagnostic capabilities. A novel approach involves allowing mosquitoes within a box trap to probe a sugar-baited nucleic-acid preservation card that is processed for expectorated arboviruses. In a longitudinal field trial, both Ross River and Barmah Forest viruses were detected numerous times from multiple traps over different weeks. Further refinements, including the development of unpowered traps and use of yeast-generated CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, could enhance the applicability of this system to remote locations. New diagnostic technology, such as next generation sequencing and biosensors, will increase the capacity for recognizing emergent or exotic viruses, while cloud computing platforms will facilitate rapid dissemination of data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/325659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,11]],"date-time":"2012-03-11T17:01:09Z","timestamp":1331485269000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Evolution of Mosquito-Based Arbovirus Surveillance Systems in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Andrew F.","family":"van den Hurk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Hall-Mendelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Virology, 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