{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T12:10:23Z","timestamp":1780575023607,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper a nonlinear Gabor Wavelet Transform (GWT) discriminant feature extraction approach for enhanced face recognition is proposed. Firstly, the low-energized blocks from Gabor wavelet transformed images are extracted. Secondly, the nonlinear discriminating features are analyzed and extracted from the selected low-energized blocks by the generalized Kernel Discriminative Common Vector (KDCV) method. The KDCV method is extended to include cosine kernel function in the discriminating method. The KDCV with the cosine kernels is then applied on the extracted low-energized discriminating feature vectors to obtain the real component of a complex quantity for face recognition. In order to derive positive kernel discriminative vectors, we apply only those kernel discriminative eigenvectors that are associated with nonzero eigenvalues. The feasibility of the low-energized Gabor-block-based generalized KDCV method with cosine kernel function models has been successfully tested for classification using the<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:msub><mml:mi>L<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>,\u2009L<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>distance measures; and the cosine similarity measure on both frontal and pose-angled face recognition. Experimental results on the FRAV2D and the FERET database demonstrate the effectiveness of this new approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/421032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,10]],"date-time":"2012-12-10T16:09:10Z","timestamp":1355155750000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Gabor-Block-Based Kernel Discriminative Common Vector Approach Using Cosine Kernels for Human Face Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Arindam","family":"Kar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debotosh","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipak Kumar","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mita","family":"Nasipuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahantapas","family":"Kundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(01)00120-0"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.862196"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2002.999679"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2004.837586"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.381842"},{"key":"6","first-page":"106","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Recent Trends inEngineering"},{"issue":"10","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1162\/089976600300014980","volume":"12","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2007.01.034"},{"key":"9","first-page":"355","volume-title":"Face recognition by elastic graph matching","year":"1999"},{"issue":"10","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1109\/34.541406","volume":"18","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"13","first-page":"429","volume":"93","year":"1949","journal-title":"Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers"},{"issue":"10","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1109\/34.799905","volume":"21","year":"1999","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/12.210173"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.9"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/89.943343"},{"key":"18","year":"2002"},{"issue":"5","key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(97)00070-X","volume":"16","year":"1998","journal-title":"Image and Vision Computing"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2007.904421"}],"container-title":["Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2012\/421032.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2012\/421032.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2012\/421032.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T23:55:42Z","timestamp":1498002942000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/cin\/2012\/421032\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["421032","421032"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/421032","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-5265","1687-5273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-5265","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-5273","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}