{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:25:00Z","timestamp":1761895500198},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Biomedical Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Abdominal aortic calcifications (AACs) correlate strongly with coronary artery calcifications and can be predictors of cardiovascular mortality. We investigated whether size, shape, and distribution of AACs are related to mortality and how such prognostic markers perform compared to the state-of-the-art AC24 marker introduced by Kauppila. Methods. For 308 postmenopausal women, we quantified the number of AAC and the percentage of the abdominal aorta that the lesions occupied in terms of their area, simulated plaque area, thickness, wall coverage, and length. We analysed inter-\/intraobserver reproducibility and predictive ability of mortality after 8-9 years via Cox regression leading to hazard ratios (HRs).<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The coefficient of variation was below 25% for all markers. The strongest individual predictors were the number of calcifications (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>HR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>2.4<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and the simulated area percentage (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>HR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>2.96<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) of a calcified plaque, and, unlike AC24 (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>HR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1.66<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), they allowed mortality prediction also after adjusting for traditional risk factors. In a combined Cox regression model, the strongest complementary predictors were the number of calcifications (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>HR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>2.76<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and the area percentage (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mtext>HR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>\u2212<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>3.84<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Morphometric markers of AAC quantified from radiographs may be a useful tool for screening and monitoring risk of CVD mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/459286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,6]],"date-time":"2012-06-06T17:00:49Z","timestamp":1339002049000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Distribution, Size, and Shape of Abdominal Aortic Calcified Deposits and Their Relationship to Mortality in Postmenopausal Women"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Melanie","family":"Ganz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Nordic Bioscience Imaging A\/S, 2730 Herlev, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Marleen","family":"de Bruijne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Departments of Radiology & Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Erik B.","family":"Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordic Bioscience Imaging A\/S, 2730 Herlev, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Pettersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CCBR-Synarc A\/S, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Morten A.","family":"Karsdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordic Bioscience A\/S, 2730 Herlev, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordic Bioscience A\/S, 2730 Herlev, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Mads","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Nordic Bioscience Imaging A\/S, 2730 Herlev, 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