{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:23:59Z","timestamp":1792185839336,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Proyecto BASAL","award":["FB 0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FB 0807"]}]},{"name":"Proyecto BASAL","award":["1090589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1090589"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002941","name":"Departamento de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FB 0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FB 0807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002941","name":"Departamento de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1090589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1090589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002850","name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FB 0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FB 0807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002850","name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1090589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1090589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. A role for pilus during attachment of<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>to epithelia of the female reproductive tract is currently assumed. However, Pil<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>gonococci have been observed during infection of the reproductive tract, which prompted us to examine the effect of pili on the dynamics of infection and the inflammatory responses of mucosal explants of the human Fallopian tube.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Mucosal explants were infected in vitro with Opa negative Pil<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>and Pil<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>strains.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Piliation enhanced gonococcal adherence to the epithelium within 3\u2009h of infection (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) but thereafter did not offer advantage to gonococci to colonize the epithelial cell surface (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&gt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). No differences were found between the strains in numbers of gonococci inside epithelial cells. Pil<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>bacteria induced higher levels (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) of IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, GM-CSF, MCP-1, and MIP-1\u03b2 than Pil<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>bacteria. There were no differences between both strains in LOS pattern, and Pil expression did not change after coincubation with mucosal strips.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Results show that gonococcal invasion of the human Fallopian tube can occur independently of pilus or Opa expression, and suggest that pilus, by inhibition of several key elements of the initial inflammatory response, facilitates sustained infection of this organ.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/491298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,24]],"date-time":"2012-01-24T21:01:45Z","timestamp":1327438905000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>Pilus Attenuates Cytokine Response of Human Fallopian Tube Explants"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Velasquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40 Correo 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40 Correo 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40 Correo 33, 9170022 Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Heckels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neisseria Research Group, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Division of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, University of Southampton Medical School, Southampton SO16 6YD, 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