{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T19:26:05Z","timestamp":1757705165748},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007359","name":"Al-Saeed Foundation for Science and Culture, Yemen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UST2008\/08-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UST2008\/08-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of the study is to investigate the anti-snake venom activities of a local plant,<jats:italic>Hibiscus aethiopicus<\/jats:italic>L. The<jats:italic>H. aethiopicus<\/jats:italic>was dried and extracted with ethanol. Different assays were performed according to standard techniques, to evaluate the plant\u2019s acute toxicity and its antivenom activities. The results of evaluating the systemic acute toxicity of the<jats:italic>H. aethiopicus<\/jats:italic>extract using \u201coral and intra-peritoneal\u201d route were normal even at the highest dose (24\u2009g\/kg) tested. All guinea pigs (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) when treated with venoms<jats:italic>E. c. sochureki<\/jats:italic>(75\u2009\u03bcg) alone induced acute skin haemorrhage. In contrast, all guinea pigs (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>18<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) treated with both venom and the plant extract at a concentration between 500 and 1000\u2009mg\/kg showed no signs of haemorrhage. Moreover, all guinea pigs (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>18<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) treated with venom and the plant extract below 400\u2009mg\/kg showed acute skin haemorrhage. All guinea pigs treated with venom<jats:italic>E. c. sochureki<\/jats:italic>(75\u2009\u03bcg) alone induced acute skin haemorrhage after both 24 and 32 hours. In contrast, all guinea pigs treated with both venom and the plant extract (administered independently) at concentrations between 500 and 1000\u2009mg\/kg showed no signs of haemorrhage after 32 hours. However, after 24 hours all tested guinea pigs showed less inhibition (&lt;60%) compared to that obtained after 32 hours. The outcome of this study reflects that the extract of<jats:italic>H. aethiopicus<\/jats:italic>plant may contain an endogenous inhibitor of venom induced local haemorrhage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/540671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]],"date-time":"2012-05-15T21:10:31Z","timestamp":1337116231000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Neutralisation of Local Haemorrhage Induced by the Saw-Scaled Viper<i>Echis carinatus sochureki<\/i>Venom Using Ethanolic Extract of<i>Hibiscus aethiopicus<\/i>L."],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"S. S.","family":"Hasson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, 123, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Al-Balushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, 123, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. A.","family":"Said","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, 123, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Habbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human & Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, Muscat 123, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Idris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, 123, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. A. A.","family":"Mothana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. A.","family":"Sallam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. A.","family":"Al-Jabri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. 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