{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:47:54Z","timestamp":1791478074932,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,29]],"date-time":"2012-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356739200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathology Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Beh\u00e7et's disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesions. The cause of Beh\u00e7et's disease remains unknown, but epidemiologic findings suggest that an autoimmune process is triggered by an environmental agent in a genetically predisposed individual. An infectious agent could operate through molecular mimicry, and subsequently the disease could be perpetuated by an abnormal immune response to an autoantigen in the absence of ongoing infection. Potentia bacterial are <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>, mycobacteria, <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Mycoplasma fermentans<\/jats:italic>, but the most commonly investigated microorganism is <jats:italic>Streptococcus sanguinis.<\/jats:italic> The relationship between streptococcal infections and Beh\u00e7et's disease is suggested by clinical observations that an unhygienic oral condition is frequently noted in the oral cavity of Beh\u00e7et's disease patients. Several viral agents, including herpes simplex virus-1, hepatitis C virus, parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and varicella zoster virus, may also have some role.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/595380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,29]],"date-time":"2011-12-29T21:02:27Z","timestamp":1325192547000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Potential Infectious Etiology of Beh\u00e7et's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Galeone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50129, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Colucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50129, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo Massimiliano","family":"D'Erme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50129, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0681-7690","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Silvia","family":"Moretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50129, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torello","family":"Lotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence 50129, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910213411707"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2004.02.008"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.9.5.325.10338"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01893.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.1997.38.6.411","volume":"38","year":"1997","journal-title":"Yonsei Medical Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"6","first-page":"244","volume":"34","year":"1975","journal-title":"Hawaii Medical Journal"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-006-0281-6"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-007-0367-9"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01863.x"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0039.1999.540301.x"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.02.011"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.10.005"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2008.08.005"},{"key":"14","first-page":"1152","volume":"105","year":"1937","journal-title":"Dermatol Wochenschri"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.11.996"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(98)80001-2"},{"issue":"5","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00869.x","volume":"39","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.8.814"},{"issue":"5","key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1996.tb01374.x","volume":"25","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"20","first-page":"168","volume":"27","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022537209948"},{"issue":"4","key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.59.4.1434-1441.1991","volume":"59","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"23","first-page":"S21","volume":"20","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)76207-5","volume":"112","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000018221"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2006.02.014"},{"key":"27","first-page":"191","volume":"528","year":"2003","journal-title":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"28","first-page":"S27","volume":"25","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"29","first-page":"1261","volume":"95","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nihon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2008.0484"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-004-0033-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3109\/08830189709116842","volume":"14","year":"1997","journal-title":"International Reviews of Immunology"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mlc.2003.1"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-003-2333-3"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90079-7"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.017467"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0706-z"},{"issue":"6","key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-43-6-422","volume":"43","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"39","first-page":"532","volume":"23","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1996.tb00609.x","volume":"23","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-009-0990-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"42","first-page":"1","volume":"13","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatology Online Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.1997.38.6.444","volume":"38","year":"1997","journal-title":"Yonsei Medical Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780391216","volume":"39","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"2","key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1159\/000246336","volume":"192","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"46","first-page":"3","volume":"11","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology Online Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/27.4.300","volume":"27","year":"1988","journal-title":"British Journal of Rheumatology"}],"container-title":["Pathology Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2012\/595380.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2012\/595380.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2012\/595380.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T07:09:58Z","timestamp":1607584198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/pri\/2012\/595380\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,29]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["595380","595380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/595380","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-8091","2042-003X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-8091","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-003X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,29]]}}}