{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:57:03Z","timestamp":1788965823629,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical and Developmental Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a cholestatic liver disease of autoimmune origin, characterised by the destruction of small intrahepatic bile ducts. The disease has an unpredictable clinical course but may progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis. The diagnostic hallmark of PBC is the presence of disease-specific antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA), which are pathognomonic for the development of PBC. The disease overwhelmingly affects females, with some cases of male PBC being reported. The reasons underlying the low incidence of males with PBC are largely unknown. Epidemiological studies estimate that approximately 7\u201311% of PBC patients are males. There does not appear to be any histological, serological, or biochemical differences between male and female PBC, although the symptomatology may differ, with males being at higher risk of life-threatening complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatoma. Studies on X chromosome and sex hormones are of interest when studying the low preponderance of PBC in males; however, these studies are far from conclusive. This paper will critically analyze the literature surrounding PBC in males.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/610504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,31]],"date-time":"2012-05-31T22:49:31Z","timestamp":1338504571000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Sex Differences Associated with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Smyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College London School of Medicine, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE59PJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirini I.","family":"Rigopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical School, Viopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Pares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charalambos","family":"Billinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew K.","family":"Burroughs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, and University Department of Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW32QG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Muratori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Invernizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios P.","family":"Bogdanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies, King\u2019s College London School of Medicine, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE59PJ, UK"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical School, Viopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Cellular Immunotherapy and Molecular Immunodiagnostics, Institute for Biomedical Research & Technology, 41222 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043898"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-009-0164-5"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)05419-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4933-8-12","volume":"8","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity & Ageing"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300213"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.04.064"},{"issue":"6","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.20197","volume":"119","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21759"},{"issue":"6","key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.36.6.927","volume":"36","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"7","key":"10","first-page":"663","volume":"8","year":"1996","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.02.016","volume":"138","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2008.02.005"},{"key":"13","volume":"2011","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.12.029","volume":"130","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(03)00104-1"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3374"},{"issue":"1","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007185","volume":"17","year":"1997","journal-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease"},{"issue":"1","key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007184","volume":"17","year":"1997","journal-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2010.09.005"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.118299"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.12.019"},{"issue":"1","key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1586\/erm.11.82","volume":"12","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.126"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2008.02.009"},{"issue":"1","key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250103","volume":"25","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2007.01.023"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2007.01586.x"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.036558"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-8411(03)00033-7"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21472"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21678"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.04.001","volume":"373","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.04119.x","volume":"99","year":"2004","journal-title":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520310008412","volume":"39","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00040-4"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986708785747508"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21172"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21583"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.631"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07270.x"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04410-8"},{"issue":"6","key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840060609","volume":"6","year":"1986","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/26.4.830"},{"issue":"9","key":"44","first-page":"884","volume":"106","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906"},{"issue":"3","key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)80033-6","volume":"100","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22042"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2000.174001226.x"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01291.x"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-008-8087-9"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/DMA-2010-0745"},{"key":"128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcm059"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23139"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.08.022"},{"issue":"9","key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5874","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5874","volume":"174","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"10","key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6444","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.10.6444","volume":"172","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.05.022"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20788"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00252-5"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15541-4"},{"issue":"11","key":"60","first-page":"1615","volume":"56","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(03)00095-3"},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2009.05.006"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-916319"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364248"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.627"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810440"},{"key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/DMA-2010-0744"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-011-8259-x"},{"key":"69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2010.02.014"},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.08.020"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.11.011","volume":"38","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31481-4","volume":"11","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annals of Hepatology"},{"key":"73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1276644"},{"key":"74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21123"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.03.008"},{"key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2005.05.001"},{"issue":"6","key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.07.027","volume":"49","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15418-9"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00501-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/039463200401700112","volume":"17","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1481","volume":"170","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/S1590-8658(00)80266-2","volume":"32","year":"2000","journal-title":"Digestive and Liver Disease"},{"key":"83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.04.021"},{"issue":"3","key":"84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524013363672","volume":"1","year":"2001","journal-title":"Current Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520410003236"},{"key":"86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(05)00018-2"},{"issue":"6","key":"87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8090","volume":"31","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI4213","volume":"102","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17402520500285247"},{"key":"90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1590-8658(03)00466-3"},{"key":"91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00059-9"},{"key":"92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-009-0170-7"},{"key":"93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10446670310001626526"},{"key":"94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.005"},{"key":"95","volume":"2011","year":"2011","journal-title":"Autoimmune Diseases"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.11.003","volume":"38","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Autoimmunity"},{"key":"97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24414"},{"key":"98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22567"},{"key":"99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.789"},{"key":"100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2011.01684.x"},{"key":"101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2010.01600.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.5.1835","volume":"181","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24194"},{"key":"104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2010.02367.x"},{"key":"105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.03947.x"},{"key":"106","volume":"2012","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20010956"},{"key":"108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200214698"},{"key":"109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23783"},{"key":"110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22736"},{"key":"111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24355"},{"issue":"7","key":"112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.7.2321","volume":"141","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9270(99)00436-0"},{"key":"114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2009.104"},{"issue":"592","key":"115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.51.592.110","volume":"51","year":"1975","journal-title":"Postgraduate Medical Journal"},{"key":"116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9270(00)02239-5"},{"key":"117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21749"},{"issue":"1","key":"118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.02.019","volume":"53","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20907"},{"key":"120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.21165"},{"key":"121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.184218"},{"issue":"2","key":"122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2011.07.013","volume":"36","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinical Research in Hepatology and Gastroentrology"},{"key":"123","volume":"11, article 95","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"10","key":"124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3282f5e9db","volume":"20","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"125","first-page":"1220","volume":"21","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840040418","volume":"4","year":"1984","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.27.11.1373","volume":"27","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"3","key":"129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.20.3.255","volume":"20","year":"1979","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"3","key":"130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(84)90540-7","volume":"87","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2008.09.002","volume":"22","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.11.012","volume":"38","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.1.575","volume":"175","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.06.009"},{"issue":"5","key":"135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21026","volume":"52","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism"},{"key":"136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-007-8044-z"},{"issue":"11","key":"137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5949","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1366","volume":"90","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"},{"key":"138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-007-8051-0"},{"key":"139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21696"},{"key":"140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.6.1.13405"},{"issue":"2","key":"141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.132.2.656","volume":"132","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"12","key":"142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1295-1279","volume":"1","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmi008"},{"key":"144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2010.02.008"},{"issue":"2","key":"145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70503-8","volume":"103","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199902)42:2<328::AID-ANR16>3.0.CO;2-#","volume":"42","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism"},{"issue":"2","key":"147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-842.x","volume":"106","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Developmental Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2012\/610504.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2012\/610504.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2012\/610504.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T01:27:20Z","timestamp":1687483640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2012\/610504\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":147,"alternative-id":["610504","610504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/610504","relation":{},"ISSN":["1740-2522","1740-2530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1740-2522","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-2530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}