{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T03:59:19Z","timestamp":1761969559549,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Critical Care Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. One limitation of ultrasound-guided vascular access is the technical challenge of visualizing the cannula during insertion into the vessel. We hypothesized that the use of an echogenic vascular cannula (EC) would improve visualization when compared with a nonechogenic vascular cannula (NEC) during real-time ultrasound-guided subclavian vein (SCV) cannulation in the ICU.<jats:italic>Material and Methods<\/jats:italic>. Eighty mechanically ventilated patients were prospectively enrolled in a randomized study that was conducted in a medical-surgical ICU. Forty patients underwent EC and 40 patients were randomized to NEC. The procedure was ultrasound-guided SCV cannulation via the infraclavicular approach on the longitudinal axis.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The EC group exhibited increased cannula visibility as compared to the NEC group (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mn>92<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>%<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>%<\/mml:mo><\/mml:math>versus<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mn>85<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>7<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>%<\/mml:mo><\/mml:math>, resp.,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.01<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). There was strong agreement between the procedure operators and independent observers (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>k<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mtext>0<\/mml:mtext><mml:mtext>.9<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, 95% confidence intervals assessed by bootstrap analysis = 0.87 to 0.93;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.01<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Access time (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mn>12.1<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>\u2009s<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>6.5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>versus<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mn>18.9<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>\u2009s<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>10.9<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and the perceived technical difficulty of the ultrasound method (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mn>4.5<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1.5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>versus<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mn>7.5<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1.5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) were both decreased in the EC group compared to the NEC group (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mtext>0<\/mml:mtext><mml:mtext>.05<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Echogenic technology significantly improved cannula visibility and decreased access time and technical complexity optimizing thus real-time ultrasound-guided SCV cannulation via a longitudinal approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/617149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,23]],"date-time":"2012-04-23T21:41:29Z","timestamp":1335217289000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Optimization of Cannula Visibility during Ultrasound-Guided Subclavian Vein Catheterization, via a Longitudinal Approach, by Implementing Echogenic Technology"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Stefanidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, Evangelismos University Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariantina","family":"Fragou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, General State Hospital of Athens, 11523 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicos","family":"Pentilas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, General State Hospital of Athens, 11523 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregorios","family":"Kouraklis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serafim","family":"Nanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Critical Care Department, Evangelismos University Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard H.","family":"Savel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jay B. Langner Critical Care Service, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariel L.","family":"Shiloh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jay B. Langner Critical Care Service, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Slama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, CHU Sud Amiens, 80054 Paris Cedex 1, France"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 INSERM 1088, University Picardie Jules Vernes, Amiens, 80025 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Karakitsos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, General State Hospital of Athens, 11523 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199612000-00020","volume":"24","year":"1996","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.87.5.1557","volume":"87","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5101"},{"issue":"6","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X9502300615","volume":"23","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anaesthesia and Intensive Care"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.133.10.1089"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318218a1ae"},{"issue":"2","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1986.00360140065007","volume":"146","year":"1986","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199412293312602"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rapm.2007.07.002"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e3181d273da"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rapm.2004.07.001"},{"issue":"4","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0703500419","volume":"35","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesthesia and Intensive Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-198907000-00008","volume":"24","year":"1989","journal-title":"Investigative Radiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000099527.29957.A6","volume":"14","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e31820d4349"},{"issue":"3","key":"16","first-page":"104","volume":"10","year":"1987","journal-title":"Regional-Anaesthesie"},{"issue":"3","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.114.3.820","volume":"114","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"11","key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2003.22.11.1233","volume":"22","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine"},{"year":"1993","key":"20"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181a067d4"}],"container-title":["Critical Care Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ccrp\/2012\/617149.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ccrp\/2012\/617149.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ccrp\/2012\/617149.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]],"date-time":"2019-06-27T19:35:07Z","timestamp":1561664107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ccrp\/2012\/617149\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["617149","617149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/617149","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-1305","2090-1313"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2090-1305"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2090-1313"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}