{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T10:42:14Z","timestamp":1648809734793},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Responsive and Reflective University Initiative"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this paper is to introduce an efficient algorithm, namely, the mathematically improved learning-self organizing map (MIL-SOM) algorithm, which speeds up the self-organizing map (SOM) training process. In the proposed MIL-SOM algorithm, the weights of Kohonen\u2019s SOM are based on the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. Thus, in a typical SOM learning setting, this improvement translates to faster convergence. The basic idea is primarily motivated by the urgent need to develop algorithms with the competence to converge faster and more efficiently than conventional techniques. The MIL-SOM algorithm is tested on four training geographic datasets representing biomedical and disease informatics application domains. Experimental results show that the MIL-SOM algorithm provides a competitive, better updating procedure and performance, good robustness, and it runs faster than Kohonen\u2019s SOM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/683265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,19]],"date-time":"2012-03-19T17:03:07Z","timestamp":1332176587000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The New and Computationally Efficient MIL-SOM Algorithm: Potential Benefits for Visualization and Analysis of a Large-Scale High-Dimensional Clinically Acquired Geographic Data"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Tonny J.","family":"Oyana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Geospatial Analysis Laboratory, GIS Research Laboratory for Geographic Medicine, Department of Geography and Environmental Resources, Southern Illinois University, 1000 Faner Drive, MC 4514, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA"},{"name":"Engineering Building A462, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke E. 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