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Universal primers were used to amplify highly conserved region located within the 16S rRNA amplicon, followed by hybridized to pathogen-specific probes for identification of these five organisms. The other assay is based on multiplex PCR to simultaneously amplify five species-specific pathogen identification-targeted regions unique to individual pathogen. Both of the two arrays are validated to be flexible and sensitive for simultaneous detection of bioterrorism bacteria. However, universal primer PCR-based array could not identify<jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis,<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Brucella spp.<\/jats:italic>at the species level because of the high conservation of 16S rDNA of the same genus. 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