{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T22:29:15Z","timestamp":1782772155601,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>. To review the newer treatments for bacterial keratitis.<jats:italic>Data Sources<\/jats:italic>. PubMed literature search up to April 2012.<jats:italic>Study Selection<\/jats:italic>. Key words used for literature search: \u201cinfectious keratitis\u201d, \u201cmicrobial keratitis\u201d, \u201cinfective keratitis\u201d, \u201cnew treatments for infectious keratitis\u201d, \u201cfourth generation fluoroquinolones\u201d, \u201cmoxifloxacin\u201d, \u201cgatifloxacin\u201d, \u201ccollagen cross-linking\u201d, and \u201cphotodynamic therapy\u201d.<jats:italic>Data Extraction<\/jats:italic>. Over 2400 articles were retrieved. Large scale studies or publications at more recent dates were selected.<jats:italic>Data Synthesis<\/jats:italic>. Broad spectrum antibiotics have been the main stay of treatment for bacterial keratitis but with the emergence of bacterial resistance; there is a need for newer antimicrobial agents and treatment methods. Fourth-generation fluoroquinolones and corneal collagen cross-linking are amongst the new treatments. In vitro studies and prospective clinical trials have shown that fourth-generation fluoroquinolones are better than the older generation fluoroquinolones and are as potent as combined fortified antibiotics against common pathogens that cause bacterial keratitis. Collagen cross-linking was shown to improve healing of infectious corneal ulcer in treatment-resistant cases or as an adjunct to antibiotics treatment.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Fourth-generation fluoroquinolones are good alternatives to standard treatment of bacterial keratitis using combined fortified topical antibiotics. Collagen cross-linking may be considered in treatment-resistant infectious keratitis or as an adjunct to antibiotics therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/831502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,6]],"date-time":"2012-09-06T17:28:25Z","timestamp":1346952505000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["New Treatments for Bacterial Keratitis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Raymond L. M.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Room 301, Level 3, Block B, 100 Cyberport Road, Cyberport 4, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. A.","family":"Gangwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Room 301, Level 3, Block B, 100 Cyberport Road, Cyberport 4, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lester W. 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