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We wanted to determine the role of paeonol in treating adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We established an acute lung injury (ALI) model in Sprague-Dawley rats, which was similar to ARDS in humans, using intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The intraperitoneal administration of paeonol successfully reduced histopathological scores and attenuated myeloperoxidase-reactive cells as an index of polymorphonuclear neutrophils infiltration and also reduces inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the lung tissue, at 16\u2009h after LPS administration. In addition, paeonol reduced proinflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, including tumor-necrosis factor-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b1<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, interleukin-1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, interleukin-6, and plasminogen-activated inhibition factor-1. These results indicated that paeonol successfully attenuates inflammatory and coagulation reactions to protect against ALI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/837513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]],"date-time":"2012-02-21T16:01:53Z","timestamp":1329840113000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory and Anticoagulative Effects of Paeonol on LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Pin-Kuei","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Chiayi 600, 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