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Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a cytokine that induces neutrophil recruitment and the release of inflammatory mediators in several inflammatory conditions; nevertheless, the involvement of IL-17 gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis (CP) has not been addressed yet. Our aim was to evaluate the association between periodontal status and the polymorphisms IL-17A G197A and IL-17F C7488T in subjects with CP along with their impact on levels of inflammatory mediators.<jats:italic>Material and Methods<\/jats:italic>. Genomic DNA was obtained from 30 CP patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs). IL-17A G197A and IL-17F C7488T polymorphisms were determined using PCR-RFLP. Serum and periodontal tissues were collected and processed for ELISA, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and\/or microscopic analysis.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The frequencies of genotypes in the CP group were significantly different from those of HC. Odds ratio indicated that increased risks for CP were associated with the -197A allele, not with the -7488T allele. In addition, the -197A allele was correlated with worse clinical parameters, higher MPO activity, and increased expression of inflammatory mediators (IL-17A and IL-8) than the other genotypes.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. These results indicate that the IL-17A -197A allele is associated with increased risk for CP, likely because this genotype relates to the enhanced inflammation in periodontal tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/846052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,6]],"date-time":"2012-12-06T16:01:50Z","timestamp":1354809710000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Association between Polymorphisms in Interleukin-17A and -17F Genes and Chronic Periodontal Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"J\u00f4ice Dias","family":"Corr\u00eaa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Cl\u00ednica, Patologia e Cirurgia Odontol\u00f3gicas, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mila Fernandes Moreira","family":"Madeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento 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