{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:47:57Z","timestamp":1790905677337,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical and Developmental Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The flatworm<jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>is a blood fluke parasite that causes schistosomiasis, a debilitating disease that occurs throughout the developing world. Current schistosomiasis control strategies are mainly based on chemotherapy, but many researchers believe that the best long-term strategy to control schistosomiasis is through immunization with an antischistosomiasis vaccine combined with drug treatment. In the search for potential vaccine candidates, numerous tegument antigens have been assessed. As the major interface between parasite and mammalian host, the tegument plays crucial roles in the establishment and further course of schistosomiasis. Herein, we evaluated the potential of a GPI fraction, containing representative molecules located on the outer surface of adult worms, as vaccine candidate. Immunization of mice with GPI-anchored proteins induced a mixed Th1\/Th2 type of immune response with production of IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>and TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, and low levels of IL-5 into the supernatant of splenocyte cultures. The protection engendered by this vaccination protocol was confirmed by 42% reduction in worm burden, 45% reduction in eggs per gram of hepatic tissue, 29% reduction in the number of granulomas per area, and 53% reduction in the granuloma fibrosis. Taken together, the data herein support the potential of surface-exposed GPI-anchored antigens from the<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>tegument as vaccine candidate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/962538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,15]],"date-time":"2012-08-15T21:01:08Z","timestamp":1345064468000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Vaccination with Enzymatically Cleaved GPI-Anchored Proteins from<i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>Induces Protection against Challenge Infection"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Vicente P.","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Imunologia do Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Doen\u00e7as Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, 40110-160 Salvador, BA, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Geral do Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina S.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Imunologia do Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia em Doen\u00e7as Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, 40110-160 Salvador, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara C. 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