{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:33:44Z","timestamp":1777552424271,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,2]],"date-time":"2012-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":214,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Mathematics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a 3\u2010dimensional finite element formulation for predicting the behaviour of complex umbilical cross\u2010sections exposed to loading from tension, torque, internal and external pressure including bending. Helically wound armours and tubes are treated as thin and slender beams formulated within the framework of small strains but large displacements, applying the principle of virtual displacements to obtain finite element equations. Interaction between structural elements is handled by 2\u2010 and 3\u2010noded contact elements based on a penalty parameter formulation. The model takes into account a number of features, such as material nonlinearity, gap and friction between individual bodies, and contact with external structures and with a full 3\u2010dimensional description. Numerical studies are presented to validate the model against another model as well as test data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/985349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,2]],"date-time":"2012-08-02T21:02:05Z","timestamp":1343941325000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Strength Analysis Modelling of Flexible Umbilical Members for Marine Structures"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"S\u00e6vik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. K. \u00d8.","family":"Gj\u00f8steen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.1620140405"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9399(1988)114:7(1166)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-0350-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0951-8339(92)90029-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","unstructured":"McNamaraJ. F.andHarteA. M. Three dimensional analytical simulation of flexible pipe wall structure Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering (OMAE \u203289) March 1989 477\u2013482 2-s2.0-0024865436."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","unstructured":"FeldG. Static and cyclic mechanical behaviour of helically-wound subsea power cables [Ph.D. thesis] November1992 Faculty of Engineering Herriot-Watt University."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-1187(02)00007-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apor.2005.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3591660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","unstructured":"TanZ. WitzJ. A. LyonsG. J. FangJ. andPatelM. H. On the influence of internal slip between component layers on the dynamic response of unbonded flexible pipe Proceedings of 10th International Conference of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering Conference (OMAE \u203291) 1991 2-s2.0-0025962565."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3257019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","unstructured":"LeclairR. A.andCostelloG. A. Axial Bending and Torsional Loading of a Strand with Friction Proceedings of the 6th International Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering Symposium (OMAE \u201987) March 1987 Houston Tex USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","unstructured":"S\u00e6vikS. On stresses and fatigue in flexible pipes [Ph.D. thesis] 1992 NTH."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","unstructured":"SaevikS. GiertsenE. andOlsenG. P. New method for calculating stresses in flexible pipe tensile armours Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering (OMAE \u203298) July 1998 Lisbon Portugal 2-s2.0-0031626134."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","volume-title":"Nonlinear Finite Elements for Continua and Structures","author":"Belytschko T.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-7825(76)90013-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-7949(01)00048-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","unstructured":"LevoldE. Solid mechanics and material models including large deformations [Ph.D. thasesis] 1990 Division of Structural Mechanics The Norwegian Institute of Technology NTH Trondheim Norway."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7683(75)90033-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-7949(87)90276-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-7949(89)90088-6","article-title":"Friction-contact analysis using a mixed finite element method","volume":"32","author":"Shyu S. C.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Computers and Structures"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Mathematics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jam\/2012\/985349.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jam\/2012\/985349.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2012\/985349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T06:45:52Z","timestamp":1718088352000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2012\/985349"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Carl M.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2012\/985349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/985349","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1110-757X","1687-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1110-757X","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-0042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-02-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-04-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-08-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"985349"}}