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For hypopharynx tissue engineering, skeletal muscle is one important functional part of the whole organ, which assembles the unidirectionally aligned myotubes. In this study, a polyurethane (PU) scaffold with microchannel patterns was used to provide aligning guidance for the seeded human myoblasts. Due to the low hydrophilicity of PU, the scaffold was grafted with silk fibroin (PU-SF) or gelatin (PU-Gel) to improve its cell adhesion properties. Scaffolds were observed to degrade slowly over time, and their mechanical properties and hydrophilicities were improved through the surface grafting. Also, the myoblasts seeded on PU-SF had the higher proliferative rate and better differentiation compared with those on the control or PU-Gel. Our results demonstrate that polyurethane scaffolds seeded with myoblasts hold promise to guide hypopharynx muscle regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/146953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]],"date-time":"2013-09-23T21:09:28Z","timestamp":1379970568000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Skeletal Muscle Regeneration on Protein-Grafted and Microchannel-Patterned Scaffold for Hypopharyngeal Tissue Engineering"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Zhisen","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, 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