{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:11:48Z","timestamp":1791274308640,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO354\/3-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO354\/3-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA1161\/4-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA1161\/4-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO354\/3-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO354\/3-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA1161\/4-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA1161\/4-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To describe the development of the gut microbiota in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants with and without necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) between April 2008 and December 2009, fecal microflora was prospectively analyzed in fecal samples of all ELBW infants using real-time PCR assays. In addition, fecal inflammatory were measured.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Fecal microflora established early in ELBW infants and microbiota composition remained stable over the first 28 days of life except for the prevalence of<jats:italic>C. difficile<\/jats:italic>which decreased with decreasing antibiotic use. Infants who subsequently developed NEC had an increase of total bacterial count (9.8-fold) 24\u2009h prior to clinical symptoms mainly due to the expansion of<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>species (21.6-fold), whereas microbiota composition did not differ from healthy ELBW infants five days before onset of NEC. Importantly, S100A12 and hBD2 positively correlated with the total and<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>bacterial CFU\/g feces (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>r<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>0.4 and 0.64, resp.).<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. In summary, we found evidence for a disturbed homeostasis between the intestinal microbiome and host immunity in ELBW infants with NEC. Moreover, S100A12 and hBD2 correlate with the fecal microbiota thus linking the intestinal innate immune response to the bacterial colonization thus possibly providing a diagnostic tool in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/150372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,6]],"date-time":"2013-11-06T16:05:25Z","timestamp":1383753925000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["S100A12 and hBD2 Correlate with the Composition of the Fecal Microflora in ELBW Infants and Expansion of<i>E. coli<\/i>Is Associated with NEC"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"A. C.","family":"Jenke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, HELIOS Children\u2019s Hospital, 42283 Wuppertal, Witten\/Herdecke University, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Postberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, HELIOS Children\u2019s Hospital, 42283 Wuppertal, Witten\/Herdecke University, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Mariel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, HELIOS Children\u2019s Hospital, 42283 Wuppertal, Witten\/Herdecke University, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Hensel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, HELIOS Children\u2019s Hospital, 42283 Wuppertal, Witten\/Herdecke University, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Foell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children\u2019s Hospital, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"D\u00e4britz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children\u2019s Hospital, M\u00fcnster, Germany"},{"name":"The Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Gastrointestinal Research in Inflammation & Pathology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Wirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, HELIOS Children\u2019s Hospital, 42283 Wuppertal, Witten\/Herdecke University, 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