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We previously demonstrated IUGR-induced increased visceral adipose deposition and dysregulated expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>2 (PPAR<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>2) in male adolescent rats, prior to the onset of obesity. In other studies, activation of PPAR<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>increases subcutaneous adiponectin expression and normalizes visceral adipose deposition. We hypothesized that maternal supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a PPAR<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>agonist, would normalize IUGR adipose deposition in association with increased PPAR<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, adiponectin, and adiponectin receptor expression in subcutaneous adipose. To test these hypotheses, we used a well-characterized model of uteroplacental-insufficiency-(UPI-) induced IUGR in the rat with maternal DHA supplementation. Our primary findings were that maternal DHA supplementation during rat pregnancy and lactation (1) normalizes IUGR-induced changes in adipose deposition and visceral PPAR<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>expression in male rats and (2) increases serum adiponectin, as well as adipose expression of adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in former IUGR rats. Our novel findings suggest that maternal DHA supplementation may normalize adipose dysfunction and promote adiponectin-induced improvements in metabolic function in IUGR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/312153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]],"date-time":"2013-03-06T17:05:58Z","timestamp":1362589558000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid Increases Adiponectin and Normalizes IUGR-Induced Changes in Rat Adipose Deposition"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1711-5237","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Heidi N.","family":"Bagley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84158, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4883-8983","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84158, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8058-1372","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael S.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84158, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84158, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84158, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6820-0605","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Joss-Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84158, USA"},{"name":"Division of Neonatology, University of Utah, P.O. 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