{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T15:00:26Z","timestamp":1791126026580,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6901031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6901031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7101215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7101215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6901031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6901031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7101215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7101215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disease Markers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: There is no reliable clinical test to predict the reversibility of acute-on-chronic renal failure. We study whether urinary biomarkers could be used as a noninvasive prognostic marker in patients with acute-on-chronic renal failure.<\/jats:p><jats:p>METHODS: We studied 39 adult patients with pre-existing chronic renal impairment presenting to us with acute-on-chronic renal failure. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) level was measured. The mRNA of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), interleukin-18 (IL-18), alpha-1-microglobulin (<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1M), sodium\/hydrogen exchanger-3 (NHE3), beta-2 microglobulin (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>2M), and N-acetyl-<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in urinary sediment were quantified.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS: Urinary NGAL level significantly correlated with the serum creatinine at presentation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>= 0.762,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.0001) but not baseline serum creatinine. Urinary sediment<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>2M expression significantly correlated with baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>= \u20130.400,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.012). Urinary<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1M and NHE3 expressions were significantly higher in ischemic acute tubular necrosis than other causes of acute kidney injury (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.0001 and<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.006, respectively). Urinary<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1M expression significantly correlated with the degree of improvement in renal function (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>= 0.387,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.026), as well as the estimated GFR 6 months later (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>= 0.386,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.027).<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSION: In patients with acute-on-chronic renal failure, urinary NGAL level correlates with the severity of renal failure, while urinary<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1M expression correlates with the degree of renal function recovery. Quantification of urinary<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1M mRNA may be developed as an non-invasive tool for risk stratification of this group of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/349545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T03:13:20Z","timestamp":1371093200000},"page":"179-185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Urinary Biomarkers for The Prediction of Reversibility in Acute-on-Chronic Renal Failure"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Cathy Choi-Wan","family":"Luk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Ming","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey Sung-Shing","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie Ching-Ha","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael Ho-Ming","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ka-Bik","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernand Mac-Moune","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip Kam-Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheuk-Chun","family":"Szeto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","container-title":["Disease Markers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/dm\/2013\/349545.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/dm\/2013\/349545.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T04:06:01Z","timestamp":1471925161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/dm\/2013\/349545\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}},"alternative-id":["349545"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/349545","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-0240","1875-8630"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-0240","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8630","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}