{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T13:00:17Z","timestamp":1774443617926,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Breast cancer occurring in women under the age of 40 is uncommon in the absence of family history or genetic predisposition, and prompts the exploration of other possible exposures or environmental risks. We report a case series of four young women\u2014ages from 21 to 39\u2014with multifocal invasive breast cancer that raises the concern of a possible association with nonionizing radiation of electromagnetic field exposures from cellular phones. All patients regularly carried their smartphones directly against their breasts in their brassieres for up to 10 hours a day, for several years, and developed tumors in areas of their breasts immediately underlying the phones. All patients had no family history of breast cancer, tested negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2, and had no other known breast cancer risks. Their breast imaging is reviewed, showing clustering of multiple tumor foci in the breast directly under the area of phone contact. Pathology of all four cases shows striking similarity; all tumors are hormone-positive, low-intermediate grade, having an extensive intraductal component, and all tumors have near identical morphology. These cases raise awareness to the lack of safety data of prolonged direct contact with cellular phones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/354682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,18]],"date-time":"2013-09-18T17:02:21Z","timestamp":1379523741000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Multifocal Breast Cancer in Young Women with Prolonged Contact between Their Breasts and Their Cellular Phones"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"John G.","family":"West","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Breastlink, Department of Surgery, 230 S. Main Street, Suite 100, Orange, CA 92868, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6716-2800","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nimmi S.","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breastlink, Department of Surgery, 230 S. Main Street, Suite 100, Orange, CA 92868, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Yuan","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, St. Joseph Hospital, University of California Irvine, 1100 West Stewart Drive, Orange, CA 92868-5600, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"June W.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breastlink, Department of Radiology, 230 S. 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