{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T14:01:55Z","timestamp":1773324115515,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,3]],"date-time":"2013-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383436800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UK Department for International Development and the Medical Research Council","award":["G0100137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0100137"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001027","name":"Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["G0100137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0100137"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be a significant public health problem especially among women of reproductive age in Africa. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A total of 2236 women that had enrolled in the MDP301 vaginal microbicide trial were tested for the presence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (CT), <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhea<\/jats:italic> (NG), <jats:italic>Treponema pallidum,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> (TV). <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. CT was identified as the most prevalent STI (11%) followed by TV (10%), NG, and Syphilis (3%). The highest prevalence of coinfection was reported between <jats:italic>T. pallidum<\/jats:italic> and TV (19.67%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.004<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), followed by CT and TV (13.52%, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>\u2264<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Risk factors that were significantly associated with STI acquisition were women of 23 years of age or younger (HR: 1.50, 95% CI 1.17, 1.93), baseline STI with CT (HR: 1.77, 95% CI 1.32, 2.35), TV (HR: 1.58, 95% CI, 1.20, 2.10), and <jats:italic>T. pallidum<\/jats:italic> (HR: 5.13, 95% CI 3.65, 7.22), and a low education level (HR: 1.30, 95% CI 1.02, 1.66). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Young women with lower education and a history of STIs  are at high risk of multiple STIs. Prevention programs should consider target approach to STI prevention among young women. This trial is registered with <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.controlled-trials.com\/ISRCTN64716212\">ISRCTN64716212<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/358402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,3]],"date-time":"2013-11-03T21:01:12Z","timestamp":1383512472000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women Participating in a Biomedical Intervention Trial in Durban: Prevalence, Coinfections, and Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Nathlee Samantha","family":"Abbai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Prevention Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Durban 4000, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Handan","family":"Wand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute, University of New South 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