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The causes of rickets include conditions that lead to hypocalcemia and\/or hypophosphatemia, either isolated or secondary to vitamin D deficiency. In osteomalacia, Vit. D deficiency leads to impairment of the mineralisation phase of bone remodeling and thus an increasing amount of the skeleton being replaced by unmineralized osteoid. The relationship between Vit. D and bone mineral density and osteoporosis are still controversial while new evidence suggests that Vit. D may play a role in other bone conditions such as osteoarthritis and stress fractures. In order to maintain a \u201cgood bone health\u201d guidelines concerning the recommended dietary intakes should be followed and screening for Vit. D deficiency in individuals at risk for deficiency is required, followed by the appropriate action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/396541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,27]],"date-time":"2012-12-27T21:02:16Z","timestamp":1356642136000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Vitamin D and Bone Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Christodoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Goula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, 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