{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:19:27Z","timestamp":1782742767037,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>, the predominant bacterial species associated with dental caries, can enter the bloodstream and cause infective endocarditis. The aim of this study was to investigate<jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>biofilm formation and adherence to endothelial cells induced by human fibrinogen. The putative mechanism by which biofilm formation is induced as well as the impact of fibrinogen on<jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>resistance to penicillin was also evaluated. Bovine plasma dose dependently induced biofilm formation by<jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>. Of the various plasma proteins tested, only fibrinogen promoted the formation of biofilm in a dose-dependent manner. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed the presence of complex aggregates of bacterial cells firmly attached to the polystyrene support.<jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>in biofilms induced by the presence of fibrinogen was markedly resistant to the bactericidal effect of penicillin. Fibrinogen also significantly increased the adherence of<jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>to endothelial cells. Neither<jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>cells nor culture supernatants converted fibrinogen into fibrin. However, fibrinogen is specifically bound to the cell surface of<jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>and may act as a bridging molecule to mediate biofilm formation. In conclusion, our study identified a new mechanism promoting<jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>biofilm formation and adherence to endothelial cells which may contribute to infective endocarditis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/431465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T17:10:26Z","timestamp":1381252226000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Fibrinogen-Induced<i>Streptococcus mutans<\/i>Biofilm Formation and Adherence to Endothelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Telma Blanca","family":"Lombardo Bedran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, State University of S\u00e3o Paulo, 14801-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jabrane","family":"Azelmat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of 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