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Whole blood of 65 OA outpatients, 27 end-stage OA patients, 27 healthy volunteers, and knee articular cartilages of 28 end-stage OA patients and 26 healthy subjects were examined. OA outpatients were subjected to clinical testing, ultrasonography, and radiographic and WOMAC scoring. Protein levels of p70-S6K, p21, and caspase 3 were quantified by ELISA. Gene expression was measured using real-time RT-PCR. Upregulation of\n                    <jats:italic>mTOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene expression was observed in PBMCs of 42 OA outpatients (\u201cHigh\n                    <jats:italic>mTOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression subset\u201d) and in PBMCs and articular cartilages of all end-stage OA patients. A positive correlation between\n                    <jats:italic>mTOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene expression in PBMCs and cartilage was observed in the end-stage OA patients. 23 OA outpatients in the \u201cLow\n                    <jats:italic>mTOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression subset\u201d exhibited significantly lower\n                    <jats:italic>mTOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene expression in PBMCs compared to healthy controls. These \u201cLow\n                    <jats:italic>mTOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d subset subjects experienced significantly more pain upon walking, and standing and increased total joint stiffness versus \u201cHigh\n                    <jats:italic>mTOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d subset, while the latter more often exhibited synovitis. The protein concentrations of p70-S6K, p21, and caspase 3 in PBMCs were significantly lower in the \u201cLow\u201d subset versus \u201cHigh\u201d subset and end-stage subjects. Increases in the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>mTOR<\/jats:italic>\n                    in PBMCs of OA patients are related to disease activity, being associated with synovitis more than with pain.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/461486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,26]],"date-time":"2013-06-26T13:29:21Z","timestamp":1372253361000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Differences in Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Gene Expression in the Peripheral Blood and Articular Cartilages of Osteoarthritic Patients and Disease Activity"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Elena V.","family":"Tchetina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Immunology Department, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Robin","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A OG4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena M.","family":"Zaitseva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osteoarthritis Laboratory, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugeniya P.","family":"Sharapova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osteoarthritis Laboratory, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalya G.","family":"Kashevarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osteoarthritis Laboratory, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena A.","family":"Taskina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osteoarthritis Laboratory, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liudmila I.","family":"Alekseeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osteoarthritis Laboratory, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liudmila A.","family":"Semyonova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathomorphology Department, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana I.","family":"Glukhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics Department, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandr N.","family":"Kuzin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medicine Service, Moscow City Health Department, Moscow 111020, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim A.","family":"Makarov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey A.","family":"Makarov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 115522, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Etiopathogenesis of 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