{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T15:45:46Z","timestamp":1790783146975,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>TREX1 (DNase III) is an exonuclease involved in response to oxidative stress and apoptosis. Heterozygous mutations in<jats:italic>TREX1<\/jats:italic>were previously observed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (SS). We performed a mutational analysis of the<jats:italic>TREX1<\/jats:italic>gene on three autoimmune diseases: SLE (210 patients) and SS (58 patients), to confirm a<jats:italic>TREX1<\/jats:italic>involvement in the Italian population, and systemic sclerosis (SSc, 150 patients) because it shares similarities with SLE (presence of antinuclear antibodies and connective tissue damage). We observed 7 variations; two of these are novel nonsynonymous variants (p.Glu198Lys and p.Met232Val). They were detected in one SS and in one SSc patient, respectively, and in none of the 200 healthy controls typed in this study and of the 1712 published controls.<jats:italic>In silico<\/jats:italic>analysis predicts a possibly damaging role on protein function for both variants. The other 5 variations are synonymous and only one of them is novel (p.Pro48Pro). This study contributes to the demonstration that<jats:italic>TREX1<\/jats:italic>is involved in autoimmune diseases and proposes that the spectrum of involved autoimmune diseases can be broader and includes SSc. We do not confirm a role of<jats:italic>TREX1<\/jats:italic>variants in SLE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/471703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,24]],"date-time":"2013-10-24T06:05:07Z","timestamp":1382594707000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Rare Variants in the<i>TREX1<\/i>Gene and Susceptibility to Autoimmune Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1803-647X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nadia","family":"Barizzone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Monti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of 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