{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:27:25Z","timestamp":1790684845085,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Telethon Italy Grant","award":["GGP09093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GGP09093"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We have previously demonstrated that intraperitoneal injections of 2\u2032-O-methyl-phosphorothioate (2\u2032OMePS) antisense oligoribonucleotides adsorbed onto a cationic core-shell nanoparticles (NPs), termed ZM2, provoke dystrophin restoration in the muscles of<jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic>mice. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the oral route as an alternative way of administration for ZM2-antisense oligoribonucleotides complexes. The biodistribution and elimination of nanoparticles were evaluated after single and multiple oral doses of IR-dye conjugated nanoparticles. Labeled nanoparticles were tracked<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>as well as in tissue cryosections, urines and feces by Odyssey infrared imaging system, and revealed a permanence in the intestine and abdominal lymph nodes for 72 hours to 7 days before being eliminated. We subsequently tested alginate-free and alginate-encapsulated ZM2-antisense oligoribonucleotides (AON) complexes orally administered 2 and 3 times per week, respectively, in<jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic>mice for a total of 12 weeks. Treatment with alginate ZM2-AON induced a slight dystrophin rescue in diaphragm and intestine smooth muscles, while no dystrophin was detected in alginate-free ZM2-AON treated mice. These data encourage further experiments on oral administration testing of NP and AON complexes, possibly translatable in oligoribonucleotides-mediated molecular therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/527418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,12]],"date-time":"2013-12-12T21:03:18Z","timestamp":1386882198000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Biodistribution and Molecular Studies on Orally Administered Nanoparticle-AON Complexes Encapsulated with Alginate Aiming at Inducing Dystrophin Rescue in<i>mdx<\/i>Mice"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Maria Sofia","family":"Falzarano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Passarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Molecular Medicine for Neuromuscular and 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