{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T13:03:46Z","timestamp":1766754226344,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,25]],"date-time":"2013-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1387929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":358,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51176113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51176113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study shows the ability of sodium humate from alkaline treatment sludge on removing sulfur dioxide (SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) in the simulated flue gas. Experiments were conducted to examine the effect of various operating parameters, like the inlet SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentration or temperature or O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, on the SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> absorption efficiency and desulfurization time in a lab\u2010scale bubbling reactor. The sludge sodium humate in the supernatant after alkaline sludge treatment shows great performance in SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> absorption, and such efficiency can be maintained above 98% with 100\u2009mL of this absorption solution at 298\u2009K (flue gas rate of 0.12\u2009m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\/h). The highest SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> absorption by 1.63\u2009g SHA\u2010Na is 0.946\u2009mmol in the process, which is translated to 0.037\u2009g SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> SHA\u2010Na. The experimental results indicate that the inlet SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentration slightly influences the SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> absorption efficiency and significantly influences the desulfurization time. The pH of the absorption solution should be above 3.5 in this process in order to make an effective desulfurization. The products of this process were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X\u2010ray diffraction. It can be seen that the desulfurization products mainly contain sludge humic acid sediment, which can be used as fertilizer components.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/573051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,25]],"date-time":"2013-12-25T21:01:33Z","timestamp":1388005293000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Removal of Sulfur Dioxide from Flue Gas Using the Sludge Sodium Humate"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8267-2115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoxin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.09.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(99)00167-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2007.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es990018d"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10473289.2001.10464387"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00908310490429669"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie100988r"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie050457n"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2509(05)80038-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-2361(81)90110-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-2361(81)90202-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ees.2008.0354"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ef2002712"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es101892r"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2389.1966.tb01453.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2009.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ef901052r"},{"volume-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","year":"1995","author":"APHA","key":"e_1_2_6_18_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"34","article-title":"Spectrophotometric method used for determination of the content of humic acid in sewage sludge","volume":"44","author":"Ye Z.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"volume-title":"The Basis of Biochemical Experiments","year":"2003","author":"Wang X.","key":"e_1_2_6_20_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(09)60157-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es00062a026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.657"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clen.200900156"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ra21536e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00022470.1967.10468999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie9602365"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1385-8947(96)03168-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es001148l"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2008.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es9805425"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","first-page":"34","article-title":"A comparative evaluation on the oxidative approaches for extraction of humic acids from low rank coal of Mukah, Sarawak","volume":"18","author":"Sim S. 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