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Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. This study aims to investigate the concentrations of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-37 in patients with Guillain-Barr\u00e9 Syndrome (GBS).<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. The levels of plasma and CSF IL-37, IL-17A, IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, and TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>in 25 GBS patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were determined by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay and flow cytometric bead array assay, respectively. The values of clinical parameters in the patients were also measured.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The concentrations of plasma IL-37, IL-17A, IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, and TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>and CSF IL-37 and IL-17A in patients at the acute phase of GBS were significantly higher than those in the HC. The levels of plasma IL-37, IL-17A, IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, and TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>were positively correlated in those patients, and the levels of CSF IL-37 and IL-17A as well as the levels of plasma TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>were correlated positively with the GBS disability scale scores (GDSs) in those patients. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin significantly reduced the levels of plasma IL-37, IL-17A, IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, and TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>in the drug-responding patients.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Our findings indicate higher levels of plasma and CSF IL-37 and IL-17A and other proinflammatory cytokines in patients with GBS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/639712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T20:45:51Z","timestamp":1379623551000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Elevated Levels of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Interleukin-37 in Patients with Guillain-Barr\u00e9 Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Cong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, The Second Part of First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingwei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, The Second Part of 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