{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T06:44:37Z","timestamp":1780555477705,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Cognitive radio (CR) is a regulated technique for opportunistic access of idle resources. In CR, spectrum sensing is one of the key functionalities. It is used to sense the unused spectrum in an opportunistic manner. In this paper, we have proposed two-stage detectors for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks (CRN). The first stage consists of multiple energy detectors (MED), where each energy detector (ED) is having single antenna with fixed threshold (MED_FT) for making a local binary decision, and if required, the second stage comprised of ED with adaptive double threshold (ED_ADT) is invoked. The detection performance of the proposed scheme is compared with cyclostationary-based sensing method and adaptive spectrum sensing scheme. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme improves detection performance and outperforms the cyclostationary-based sensing method and adaptive spectrum sensing by 12.3% and 14.4% at signal to noise ratio (SNR) setting of as low as \u22128\u2009dB, respectively. Performance was also measured in terms of sensing time. It is shown that the proposed scheme yields smaller sensing time than cyclostationary detection and adaptive spectrum sensing scheme in the order of 4.3\u2009ms and 0.1\u2009ms at \u221220\u2009dB SNR, respectively. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/656495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]],"date-time":"2013-08-24T21:03:06Z","timestamp":1377378186000},"page":"656495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Two-Stage Detectors with Multiple Energy Detectors and Adaptive Double Threshold in Cognitive Radio Networks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ashish","family":"Bagwari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun 248007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geetam Singh","family":"Tomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Future computing, School of computing, University of Kent, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-2013-656495","first-page":"98","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN '12)","volume":"1","author":"Bagwari A."},{"key":"B2-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-28"},{"key":"B3-2013-656495","first-page":"772","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 38th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers","volume":"1","author":"Cabric D."},{"key":"B4-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/381465"},{"key":"B5-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2008.060869"},{"key":"B7-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2010.5496149"},{"issue":"9","key":"B8-2013-656495","first-page":"6095","volume":"8","author":"Ejaz W.","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control"},{"key":"B9-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2012.050112.120765"},{"key":"B10-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5120\/10067-4666"},{"key":"B11-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCNC.2010.5421593"},{"key":"B12-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DYSPAN.2005.1542627"},{"key":"B13-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1967.5573"},{"key":"B14-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WiCom.2008.295"},{"key":"B15-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-com.2010.0571"},{"key":"B16-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSPCC.2011.6061767"},{"key":"B17-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2007.914879"},{"key":"B18-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4108\/icst.crowncom.2011.246293"},{"key":"B19-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2009.090109"},{"key":"B20-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/31180"},{"key":"B21-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DYSPAN.2005.1542649"},{"key":"B22-2013-656495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-WC.2008.070391"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2013\/656495","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/2013\/656495","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2013\/656495","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]],"date-time":"2021-05-16T20:26:39Z","timestamp":1621196799000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2013\/656495"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2013\/656495"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/656495","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-1477","1550-1477"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1550-1477","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-1477","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]]}}}