{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:37:06Z","timestamp":1791311826313,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease which is most commonly manifested in the pulmonary system. However, extrapulmonary manifestations have also been frequently reported. Isolated occurrence of sarcoidosis in the genital system is rare and poses a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Uterine sarcoidosis can present with cervical erosions, endometrial polypoid lesions, and recurrent serometra. In majority of cases, it is diagnosed by endometrial curettage, but it has also been detected by examination of hysterectomy, polypectomy, and autopsy specimens. Nonnecrotizing granulomas are the characteristic pathologic finding of sarcoidosis. However, many infectious and noninfectious etiologies including certain neoplasms can produce similar granulomatous reactions in the female genital tract. These conditions affect the female genital tract more commonly than sarcoidosis, and therefore it is important to rule out these conditions first before making a diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Treatment of sarcoidosis is different from treating these other conditions and the most commonly used systemic or local corticosteroids can be hazardous if the underlying cause is infection. In this case report, the clinical presentation, histopathology, clinical course, and treatment of a patient with isolated uterine sarcoidosis are described, and a brief literature review of sarcoidosis of the female genital tract is provided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/706738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,20]],"date-time":"2013-05-20T21:05:04Z","timestamp":1369083904000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Uterine Sarcoidosis: A Rare Extrapulmonary Site of Sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Creticus P.","family":"Marak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Montefiore Hospital, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10467, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narendrakumar","family":"Alappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Montefiore Hospital, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10467, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Montefiore Hospital, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10467, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olena","family":"Dorokhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Montefiore Hospital, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10467, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumita","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Montefiore Hospital, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10467, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achuta K.","family":"Guddati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02014, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"issue":"10 i","key":"1","first-page":"1885","volume":"164","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114596","volume":"44","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-970335"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.52"},{"issue":"12","key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00142-0","volume":"52","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(89)90612-7","volume":"28","year":"1989","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-5-38"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcg103"},{"issue":"2","key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349109006202","volume":"70","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"8","key":"10","first-page":"941","volume":"113","year":"1989","journal-title":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02937229","volume":"154","year":"1985","journal-title":"Irish Journal of Medical Science"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02984670"},{"issue":"8","key":"13","first-page":"930","volume":"23","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal de Gynecologie Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction"},{"issue":"11","key":"14","first-page":"878","volume":"41","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Medicine for the Obstetrician and Gynecologist"},{"issue":"5","key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71091-8","volume":"123","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2001.080005482.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1159\/000326952","volume":"55","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Cytologica"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2005.12.007"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(02)00112-4"},{"issue":"2","key":"20","first-page":"285","volume":"32","year":"1968","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000271596"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.10.028"},{"issue":"5","key":"24","first-page":"976","volume":"78","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3180f60bc4"},{"issue":"4","key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610410001696941","volume":"24","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(78)90802-5","volume":"132","year":"1978","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1981.tb00918.x","volume":"21","year":"1981","journal-title":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"2","key":"29","first-page":"231","volume":"26","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology"},{"issue":"5","key":"30","first-page":"978","volume":"78","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"5","key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90038-9","volume":"162","year":"1990","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"6","key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1080\/22953337.1986.11719186","volume":"41","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Clinica Belgica"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.08.002"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.12040906"},{"issue":"1","key":"35","first-page":"31","volume":"6","year":"1989","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis"},{"issue":"5","key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.98.5.1300","volume":"98","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.12030716"},{"issue":"12","key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4952","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.12.4952","volume":"156","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"6","key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1956.tb05576.x","volume":"63","year":"1956","journal-title":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Empire"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0076"},{"issue":"8","key":"41","first-page":"814","volume":"32","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"42","first-page":"134","volume":"29","year":"1972","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Medicina"},{"issue":"4","key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1985.tb00587.x","volume":"10","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70090-8"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610500307573"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-006-0210-7"},{"issue":"4","key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.50.4.324","volume":"50","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/QFKL-WRWB-KYFE-KX2E"},{"issue":"8","key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200208000-00019","volume":"95","year":"2002","journal-title":"Southern Medical Journal"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crirh\/2013\/706738.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crirh\/2013\/706738.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crirh\/2013\/706738.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T22:30:49Z","timestamp":1715380249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crirh\/2013\/706738\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["706738","706738"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/706738","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6889","2090-6897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-6889","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-6897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}