{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:02:09Z","timestamp":1762506129504,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction.<\/jats:italic>Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy is a well-described syndrome characterized by the classic triad of confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy results from thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. Common causes include alcoholism and gastric disorders. Wernicke\u2019s has been described in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); however, given these patients\u2019 immunosuppressed state, the diagnosis of Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy is not apparent.<jats:italic>Case Presentation.<\/jats:italic>A 31-year-old previously healthy male presented to the ER complaining of progressive dyspnea. Workup revealed HIV\/AIDS and PCP pneumonia. He was treated and improved. On day 14 he became confused and developed nystagmus and ataxia. Considering his immunocompromised state, infectious and neoplastic etiologies topped the differential diagnosis. CT head was negative. Lumbar puncture was unremarkable. Brain MRI revealed increased T2 signal in the medial thalamus bilaterally. Intravenous thiamine was administered resulting in resolution of symptoms.<jats:italic>Discussion.<\/jats:italic>The classic triad of Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy occurs in 10% of cases. When immunosuppressed patients develop acute neurologic symptoms infectious or neoplastic etiologies must be excluded. However, given the relative safety of thiamine supplementation, there should be a low threshold for initiating therapy in order to reverse the symptoms and prevent progression to Korsakoff dementia, which is permanent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/709474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,9]],"date-time":"2013-07-09T17:02:07Z","timestamp":1373389327000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Wernicke\u2019s Encephalopathy: An Unusual Consequence of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome\u2014Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0046-3473","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Timothy R.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 16001 West Nine Mile Road, Southfield, MI 48075, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0165-7728","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dritan","family":"Dragu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 16001 West Nine Mile Road, Southfield, MI 48075, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Providence Hospital and Medical Centers, 16001 West Nine Mile Road, Southfield, MI 48075, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181884308"},{"year":"2002","key":"2"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.03153.x"},{"issue":"8548","key":"4","first-page":"1499","volume":"1","year":"1987","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00314738","volume":"237","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"6","DOI":"10.1258\/095646203322387992"},{"issue":"5","key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.1995.9.222","volume":"9","year":"1995","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1789.2006.00665.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199305000-00025","volume":"7","year":"1993","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"8538","key":"15","first-page":"919","volume":"1","year":"1987","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00996920","volume":"6","year":"1991","journal-title":"Metabolic Brain Disease"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"8","first-page":"43","volume":"63","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta bio-medica de L'Ateneo parmense"},{"issue":"4","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01708966","volume":"20","year":"1994","journal-title":"Intensive Care Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"12","first-page":"192","volume":"8","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clinical Neuropathology"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2013\/709474.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2013\/709474.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2013\/709474.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]],"date-time":"2017-06-21T11:59:33Z","timestamp":1498046373000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2013\/709474\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["709474","709474"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/709474","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-9627","1687-9635"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1687-9627"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1687-9635"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}