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As sensor nodes are being deployed in a wide variety of indoor and outdoor environments, they are in general battery-powered devices. In fact, power provisioning is one of the main challenges faced by engineers when deploying IoT-based applications. This paper develops crosslayer architecture, integrating smart and power-aware protocols with a low-cost and high-efficiency power management module, which is the basis of long-lasting of self-powered WSNs. The main physical components of the proposed architecture are a wireless node comprising a set of small solar cells responsible for harvesting the energy and an ultracapacitor as storage device. Energy consumption is reduced significantly by varying the sleep\/wake duty cycle of the radio module. For environments with only a few hours of sunlight per day we present the feasibility of ensuring long-lasting operation by means of adapting the duty cycle scheme according to the energy stored in the ultracapacitor. Our experiments prove the feasibility of a long-endurance outdoors operation with a low-complexity power management unit. This is an important advance towards the development of novel IoT-based applications. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/718252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]],"date-time":"2013-12-17T21:04:10Z","timestamp":1387314250000},"page":"718252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Case Study on the Power-Aware Protocol Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Albacete Research Institute of Informatics, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Royo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albacete Research Institute of Informatics, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, 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