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The study starts with deriving the localization mean square error (MSE) for the case where we pretend that the source clock bias is absent and apply TOA positioning to find the source position. An upper bound on the clock bias, over which we shall obtain a higher localization MSE than that from jointly identifying the clock bias with the source position, is established. Motivated by the MSE analysis, this paper proceeds to develop a new efficient solution for joint synchronization and source localization. The new method is in closed-form, computationally attractive, and more importantly; it is shown analytically to attain the CRLB accuracy under small Gaussian TOA measurement noise. Computer simulations are conducted to corroborate the theoretical development and illustrate the good performance of the proposed algorithm. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/794805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,20]],"date-time":"2013-02-20T22:36:49Z","timestamp":1361399809000},"page":"794805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["On the Joint Time Synchronization and Source Localization Using TOA Measurements"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1306-9889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7945-6323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Le","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Internet of Things (IoT) Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2003.822354"},{"key":"B2-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2005.1458289"},{"key":"B3-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2006.880213"},{"key":"B4-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118104750.ch2"},{"key":"B5-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2011.5762798"},{"key":"B6-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2004.823465"},{"key":"B7-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2006.877401"},{"key":"B8-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2024869"},{"key":"B9-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2008.2008853"},{"key":"B10-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2003.814469"},{"key":"B11-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2004.840721"},{"key":"B12-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.909342"},{"key":"B13-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2025821"},{"key":"B14-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2012.05.026"},{"first-page":"147","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI '02)","author":"Elson J.","key":"B15-2013-794805"},{"first-page":"138","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys '03)","author":"Ganeriwal S.","key":"B16-2013-794805"},{"first-page":"39","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys '04)","author":"Maroti M.","key":"B17-2013-794805"},{"key":"B18-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2004.12.036"},{"key":"B19-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2006.872082"},{"first-page":"539","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA '07)","author":"Oliveira H.","key":"B20-2013-794805"},{"key":"B21-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2010.100906"},{"key":"B22-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2032990"},{"key":"B23-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.1985.310538"},{"key":"B24-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2007.894102"},{"key":"B25-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2011.122010.102034"},{"key":"B26-2013-794805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2010.5502319"},{"first-page":"1711","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 21st Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC '10)","author":"Gholami M. 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