{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T10:56:39Z","timestamp":1779879399345,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. Frusemide loaded calcium alginate micropellets, an oral microparticulate delivery system, was statistically optimized exhibiting prolonged therapeutic action minimizing its adverse effects.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Ionotropic Gelation technique was adopted employing 3<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>Factorial designs and keeping the entire process free from organic solvents. Physicochemical and the release characteristics of the prepared formulations were studied, keeping variations only in sodium alginate (primary polymer) and Acrycoat E30D (copolymer) dispersion.<jats:italic>Result<\/jats:italic>. Sodium alginate was predominant over Acrycoat E30D in all batches. Nonadditives or interaction was observed to be insignificant. Multiple regressions produced second-order polynomial equation, and the predictive results obtained were validated with high degree of correlation. The<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>study applauded that optimized calcium alginate micropellets of frusemide can produce a much greater diuretic effect over an extended period of 24 hours.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. This study reveals that the potential of a single dose of the mathematically optimized micro pellets of frusemide formulation is sufficient in the management of peripheral edema and ascites in congestive heart failure and as well in the treatment of chronic hypertension, leading to better patient compliance, and can be produced with minimum experimentation and time, proving far more cost-effective formulation than the conventional methods of formulating dosage forms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/819674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,22]],"date-time":"2013-07-22T21:04:19Z","timestamp":1374527059000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Formulation and Mathematical Optimization of Controlled Release Calcium Alginate Micro Pellets of Frusemide"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Amitava","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Bidhannagar, Durgapur, West Bengal 713212, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0489-1974","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Prithviraj","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Bidhannagar, Durgapur, West Bengal 713212, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","volume-title":"Response surface methodology","year":"1996"},{"key":"2","volume-title":"Response surface optimization of drug delivery system","year":"2004"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v22.i3.10"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.v22.i1.20"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567201053585985"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/pt070103"},{"issue":"4","key":"7","first-page":"329","volume":"41","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"9","first-page":"110","volume":"60","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae"},{"key":"8","volume":"1-2","year":"1996"},{"key":"11","year":"1991"},{"issue":"11","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600781117","volume":"78","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/js960021k"},{"key":"14","volume":"1","year":"2003"},{"key":"15","volume":"2","year":"2007"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)09341-3","volume":"79","year":"1943","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"17","year":"2002"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-0987(01)00095-1"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2013\/819674.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2013\/819674.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2013\/819674.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T13:22:11Z","timestamp":1746019331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2013\/819674\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["819674","819674"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/819674","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}