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IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>suppresses gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the hypothalamus resulting in the inhibition of the luteinizing hormone (LH) release from the anterior pituitary (AP). However, the presence of IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>receptors in the AP suggests the possible direct action of this cytokine on LH secretion. The study was designed to determine the effect of IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>on the LH secretion from the AP explants collected from saline and LPS-treated ewes in the follicular phase. It was found that IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>suppressed () GnRH-stimulated LH release and LH<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>gene expression in AP explants in both groups. However, IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>action was more potent in the explants collected from LPS-treated animals. Pituitaries from LPS-treated animals were characterized by increased () IL-1 type I receptor and decreased () GnRH receptor gene expression level compared to the saline-treated group. IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>also affected the GnRH-R gene expression in explants collected from LPS-treated animals. Our results show that direct action of IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>on the pituitary gonadotropes could be one of the reasons of the reproductive processes disorders accompanying an inflammatory state.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/926937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,17]],"date-time":"2013-07-17T21:01:12Z","timestamp":1374094872000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["LPS-Induced Inflammation Potentiates the IL-1-Mediated Reduction of LH Secretion from the Anterior Pituitary Explants"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4116-6309","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrzej Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Herman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish Academy of Sciences, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, 05-110 Jab\u0142onna, 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