{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T07:24:44Z","timestamp":1790061884794,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bleu TX-III was isolated from<jats:italic>Bothrops leucurus<\/jats:italic>snake venom on one-step analytical chromatography reverse phase HPLC, was homogeneous on SDS-PAGE, and was confirmed by Q-Tof Ultima API ESI\/MS (TOF MS mode) mass spectrometry in 14243.8\u2009Da. Multiple alignments of Bleu TX-III show high degree of homology with basic PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>myotoxins from other<jats:italic>Bothrops<\/jats:italic>venoms. Our studies on local and systemic myotoxicity \u201c<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\u201d reveal that Bleu TX-III is myotoxin with local but not systemic action due to the decrease in the plasmatic CK levels when Bleu TX-III is administrated by intravenous route in mice (dose 1 and 5\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g). And at a dose of 20\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g myotoxin behaves like a local and systemic action. Bleu TX-III induced moderate marked paw edema, evidencing the local increase in vascular permeability. The inflammatory events induced in the mice (I.M.) were investigated. The increase in the levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>was observed in the plasma. It is concluded that Bleu TX-III induces inflammatory events in this model. The enzymatic phospholipid hydrolysis may be relevant to these phenomena.<jats:italic>Bothrops leucurus<\/jats:italic>venom is still not extensively explored, and the knowledge of its toxins separately through the study of structure\/function will contribute for a better understanding of its action mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/941467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T23:58:58Z","timestamp":1357775938000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Unmasking Snake Venom of<i>Bothrops leucurus<\/i>: Purification and Pharmacological and Structural Characterization of New PL Bleu TX-III"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"F\u00e1bio Andr\u00e9","family":"Marangoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, 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