{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:43:32Z","timestamp":1740141812045,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61100199","BK2011692","NY210077","yx002001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61100199","BK2011692","NY210077","yx002001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61100199","BK2011692","NY210077","yx002001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61100199","BK2011692","NY210077","yx002001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005374","name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61100199","BK2011692","NY210077","yx002001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61100199","BK2011692","NY210077","yx002001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012246","name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["61100199","BK2011692","NY210077","yx002001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61100199","BK2011692","NY210077","yx002001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Multicopy forwarding schemes have been employed in delay tolerant network (DTN) to improve the delivery delay and delivery rate. Much effort has been focused on reducing the routing cost while retaining high performance. This paper aims to provide an optimal joint expected delay forwarding (OJEDF) protocol which minimizes the expected delay while satisfying a certain constant on the number of forwardings per message. We propose a comprehensive forwarding metric called joint expected delay (JED) which is a function of remaining hop-count (or ticket) and residual lifetime. We use backward induction to calculate JED by modeling forwarding as an optimal stopping rule problem. We also present an extension to allow OJEDF to run in delay constrained scenarios. We implement OJEDF as well as several other protocols and perform trace-driven simulations. Simulation results confirm that OJEDF shows superiority in delay and cost with acceptable decrease of delivery rate. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/941473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,10]],"date-time":"2013-11-10T15:57:38Z","timestamp":1384099058000},"page":"941473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Optimal Joint Expected Delay Forwarding in Delay Tolerant Networks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ru Chuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China"},{"name":"Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bing Qing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Science, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing 210029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B3-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1001.2009.00124"},{"key":"B5-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1614222.1614225"},{"first-page":"398","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM '05)","author":"Burns B.","key":"B6-2013-941473"},{"key":"B7-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/961268.961272"},{"key":"B8-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1001.2010.03459"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Communications (SIGCOMM '05)","author":"Jones E. P. C.","key":"B9-2013-941473"},{"key":"B10-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2010.5683232"},{"first-page":"2834","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE 58th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC '03)","author":"Singh J. P.","key":"B11-2013-941473"},{"key":"B12-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1143549.1143656"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc '09)","author":"Liu C.","key":"B13-2013-941473"},{"first-page":"252","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Communications (SIGCOMM '05)","author":"Spyropoulos T.","key":"B15-2013-941473"},{"key":"B16-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WiMob.2008.86"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM '11)","author":"Long V.","key":"B17-2013-941473"},{"first-page":"276","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Communications (SIGCOMM '05)","author":"Leguay J.","key":"B18-2013-941473"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM '05)","author":"Musolesi M.","key":"B19-2013-941473"},{"key":"B20-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PERCOMW.2007.108"},{"key":"B21-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WOWMOM.2007.4351693"},{"key":"B22-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2006.355147"},{"key":"B23-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2006.950"},{"key":"B24-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2007.897962"},{"key":"B25-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2007.897964"},{"key":"B26-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1374618.1374653"},{"key":"B27-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1282380.1282422"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc '09)","author":"Liu C.","key":"B28-2013-941473"},{"key":"B29-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MOBHOC.2009.5336973"},{"key":"B31-2013-941473","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2004.1260729"},{"first-page":"68","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications (WSNA '02)","author":"Beaufour A.","key":"B32-2013-941473"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Simulation (Simutools '09)","author":"Ari K.","key":"B33-2013-941473"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2013\/941473","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/2013\/941473","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2013\/941473","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,16]],"date-time":"2021-05-16T21:30:51Z","timestamp":1621200651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2013\/941473"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2013\/941473"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/941473","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-1477","1550-1477"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1550-1477"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1550-1477"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]}}}