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However, in addition to their pathogenic roles in allergic and autoimmune diseases, mast cells are important in fighting infection, wound healing, and resolving inflammation, reflecting that mast cells exhibit a phenotypic and functional plasticity. We have therefore characterised the differential functional responses to antigen (via Fc<jats:italic>\u03b5<\/jats:italic>RI) and LPS and their modulation by ES-62 of the mature peritoneal-derived mast cells (PDMC; serosal) and those of the connective tissue-like mast cells (CTMC) and the mucosal-like mast cells derived from bone marrow progenitors (BMMC) as a first step to produce disease tissue-targeted therapeutics based on ES-62 action. All three mast cell populations were rendered hyporesponsive by ES-62 and whilst the mechanisms underlying such desensitisation have not been fully delineated, they reflect a downregulation of calcium and PKC<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>signalling. ES-62 also downregulated MyD88 and PKC<jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic>in mucosal-type BMMC but not PDMC, the additional signals targeted in mucosal-type BMMC likely reflecting that these cells respond to antigen and LPS by degranulation and cytokine secretion whereas PDMC predominantly respond in a degranulation-based manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/961268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]],"date-time":"2013-02-07T21:05:30Z","timestamp":1360271130000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Mast Cell Subsets and Their Functional Modulation by the<i>Acanthocheilonema viteae<\/i>Product ES-62"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Dimity H.","family":"Ball","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immunobiology, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, 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