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In the standard phantom-node method, the cracks are formulated by adding phantom nodes, and the cracked element is replaced by two new superimposed elements. This approach is quite simple to implement into existing explicit finite element programs. The shape functions associated with discontinuous elements are similar to those of the standard finite elements, which leads to certain simplification with implementing in the existing codes. The phantom-node method allows modeling discontinuities at an arbitrary location in the mesh. The ES-FEM model owns a close-to-exact stiffness that is much softer than lower-order finite element methods (FEM). Taking advantage of both the ES-FEM and the phantom-node method, we introduce an edge-based strain smoothing technique for the phantom-node method. Numerical results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy compared with the extended finite element method (XFEM) and other reference solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/978026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]],"date-time":"2013-07-25T22:20:17Z","timestamp":1374790817000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["A Phantom-Node Method with Edge-Based Strain Smoothing for Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Vu-Bac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"},{"name":"Institute of Structural Mechanics, Bauhaus-University Weimar, Marienstra\u00dfe 15, D-99423 Weimar, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Nguyen-Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Computational Mechanics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. 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