{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T10:22:07Z","timestamp":1770286927931,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,10]],"date-time":"2014-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418169600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Advances in Artificial Neural Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>DC motors are used in numerous industrial applications like servo systems and speed control applications. For such systems, the Proportional+Integral+Derivative (PID) controller is usually the controller of choice due to its ease of implementation, ruggedness, and easy tuning. All the classical methods for PID controller design and tuning provide initial workable values for <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>K<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>K<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>i<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, and <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>K<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>d<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math> which are further manually fine-tuned for achieving desired performance. The manual fine tuning of the PID controller parameters is an arduous job which demands expertise and comprehensive knowledge of the domain. In this research work, some metaheuristic algorithms are explored for designing PID controller and a comprehensive comparison is made between these algorithms and classical techniques as well for the purpose of selecting the best technique for PID controller design and parameters tuning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/126317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,10]],"date-time":"2014-12-10T21:00:43Z","timestamp":1418245243000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Optimal Design of PID Controller for the Speed Control of DC Motor by Using Metaheuristic Techniques"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Mirza Muhammad","family":"Sabir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Information Technology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junaid Ali","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, HUIC, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2012.2202095"},{"key":"3","year":"2013"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/693685"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/759147"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/837548"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-012-1285-7"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-011-0523-8"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/576868"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/861462"},{"key":"19","year":"2008"},{"issue":"6","key":"20","first-page":"1643","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology"},{"key":"21","year":"2013"},{"key":"23","year":"2004"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2003.821821"},{"issue":"3","key":"25","first-page":"259","volume":"12","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering"}],"container-title":["Advances in Artificial Neural Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2014\/126317.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2014\/126317.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2014\/126317.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T09:27:22Z","timestamp":1607506042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/aans\/2014\/126317\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,10]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["126317","126317"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/126317","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-7594","1687-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-7594","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,10]]}}}