{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:13:27Z","timestamp":1791137607833,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of calreticulin (CRT) in host-parasite interactions has recently become an important area of research. Information about the functions of calreticulin and its relevance to the physiology of<jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>parasites is limited. The present work demonstrates that CRT of both pathogenic<jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>and nonpathogenic<jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic>species specifically interacted with human C1q inhibiting the activation of the classical complement pathway. Using recombinant<jats:italic>Eh<\/jats:italic>CRT protein, we demonstrate that CRT interaction site and human C1q is located at the N-terminal region of<jats:italic>Eh<\/jats:italic>CRT. The immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy experiments show that CRT and human C1q colocalize in the cytoplasmic vesicles and near to the surface membrane of previously permeabilized trophozoites or are incubated with normal human serum which is known to destroy trophozoites. In the presence of peripheral mononuclear blood cells, the distribution of<jats:italic>Eh<\/jats:italic>CRT and C1q is clearly over the surface membrane of trophozoites. Nevertheless, the level of expression of CRT<jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>in lesions of amoebic liver abscess (ALA) in the hamster model is different in both<jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic>species; this molecule is expressed in higher levels in<jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>than in<jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic>. This result suggests that<jats:italic>Eh<\/jats:italic>CRT may modulate some functions during the early moments of the host-parasite relationship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/127453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T21:05:07Z","timestamp":1398200707000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["<i>Entamoeba histolytica<\/i>and<i>E. dispar<\/i>Calreticulin: Inhibition of Classical Complement Pathway and Differences in the Level of Expression in Amoebic Liver Abscess"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Xim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam E.","family":"Nieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Silva-Olivares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infect\u00f3mica y Patog\u00e9nesis Molecular, CINVESTAV, 07360 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mineko","family":"Shibayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infect\u00f3mica y Patog\u00e9nesis Molecular, CINVESTAV, 07360 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Galindo-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infect\u00f3mica y Patog\u00e9nesis Molecular, CINVESTAV, 07360 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Escobar-Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Celular, CINVESTAV, 07360 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma del Carmen","family":"Garc\u00eda de Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Mor\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Valadez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric G.","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oswaldo","family":"Partida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Cerritos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Colonia Doctores, 06726 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/0264-6021:3440281"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-145482"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(00)00062-0"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(96)02676-X"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2085-6"},{"issue":"9","key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3696","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.62.9.3696-3704.1994","volume":"62","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"5","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2000)086[0993:ASMKBI]2.0.CO;2","volume":"86","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2004.12.020"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(97)01180-0"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2003.11.018"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2009.02.007"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(94)00107-R"},{"issue":"5","key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000077398","volume":"108","year":"1994","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"5","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.3042","volume":"172","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2009.11.005"},{"issue":"6","key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.67.636","volume":"67","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"6","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.06287-11","volume":"80","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.6.781"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2008.67"},{"issue":"6","key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.6.2265","volume":"136","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115931","volume":"90","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"1","key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1993.11812737","volume":"87","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(78)90144-X","volume":"72","year":"1978","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"26","volume-title":"Trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability","year":"1997"},{"issue":"1","key":"27","first-page":"81","volume":"117","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"issue":"2","key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.50.2.560-565.1985","volume":"50","year":"1985","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"6","key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1997.d01-208.x","volume":"19","year":"1997","journal-title":"Parasite Immunology"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.12.007"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2010.04.001"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2007.10.014"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21280"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591628"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001002"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/127453.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/127453.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/127453.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T09:42:11Z","timestamp":1689154931000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/127453\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["127453","127453"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/127453","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}