{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:49:25Z","timestamp":1791470965269,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Georgian Research and Development Foundation","award":["03_07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03_07"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004802","name":"Georgian National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["03_07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03_07"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004802","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"US Civilian Research and Development Foundation","award":["03_07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03_07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. T cell-mediated immune responses contribute to the hepatocellular injury during autoimmune hepatitis, viral infection, and hepatotoxins. Pharmacological compounds regulating immune responses are suitable candidates for prevention\/treatment of this pathology. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to define the effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory mixture of citrus peel extract (CPE) on the immune-mediated liver injury.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. The influence of CPE on liver injury was determined by the activity of transaminases in plasma and the histological changes. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects were studied by measuring frequency of T regulatory cells (Tregs), cytokines (TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, IL-10, and IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>), and nitric oxide levels.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The CPE application notably prevents development of liver injury through decreasing levels of both cytokines (TNF-alpha, INF) and regulatory T cells and increasing levels of IL-10. CPE injection also diminished the serum NO, which in turn resulted in evident reduction of the liver damage.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Our findings represent the primary preclinical data indicating that the CPE<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>could ameliorate Con A induced hepatitis. The low dose of CPE most likely can be used for the treatment of the T cell-mediated liver injury as in autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic viral hepatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/127879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,13]],"date-time":"2014-07-13T17:01:18Z","timestamp":1405270878000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The Effect of Citrus Peel Extracts on Cytokines Levels and T Regulatory Cells in Acute Liver Injury"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7439-6867","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ia","family":"Pantsulaia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Tbilisi State Medical University, Chiaureli Street 2a, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manana","family":"Iobadze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical 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