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Studies over the past few decades suggest that A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>is produced in an activity-dependent manner and has physiological relevance to normal brain functions. Similarly, physiological functions for<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>- and<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>-secretases, the two key enzymes that produce A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>by sequentially processing the amyloid precursor protein (APP), have been discovered over recent years. In particular, activity-dependent production of A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>has been suggested to play a role in homeostatic regulation of excitatory synaptic function. There is accumulating evidence that activity-dependent immediate early gene Arc is an activity \u201csensor,\u201d which acts upstream of A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>production and triggers AMPA receptor endocytosis to homeostatically downregulate the strength of excitatory synaptic transmission. We previously reported that Arc is critical for sensory experience-dependent homeostatic reduction of excitatory synaptic transmission in the superficial layers of visual cortex. Here we demonstrate that mice lacking the major neuronal<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-secretase, BACE1, exhibit a similar phenotype: stronger basal excitatory synaptic transmission and failure to adapt to changes in visual experience. Our results indicate that BACE1 plays an essential role in sensory experience-dependent homeostatic synaptic plasticity in the neocortex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/128631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,19]],"date-time":"2014-05-19T05:34:14Z","timestamp":1400477654000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["BACE1 Is Necessary for Experience-Dependent Homeostatic Synaptic Plasticity in Visual Cortex"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1364-1718","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emily","family":"Petrus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zanvyl-Krieger Mind\/Brain Institute, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. 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